基于本体的地理信息共享初步研究

【作者】 黄茂军； 杜清运； 吴运超； 李凤丹；

【机构】 武汉大学资源与环境科学学院； 武汉大学哲学学院；

【摘要】 在地理信息科学领域中,把本体论作为一个突出的主题来研究还是近几年的事情,但国外已经有不少研究机构和学者对本体论极为关注,也做了一些探索性的工作。而国内的地理信息学界,对本体论这一问题还鲜有涉及。将本体论引入地理信息科学领域主要反映了一种中心的转移,即由过去片面强调计算模型的形式化,到目前对空间目标域本身的关注。本体论观点在空间信息的概念模型、空间数据的共享和互操作、地理类别的研究等方面具有十分重要的意义,其最大的意义在于对空间信息语义理论的丰富,潜在的优点在知识工程领域已初见端倪,本体论研究会成为我们加深对地理信息和地理信息系统认识的重要途径。本文从分析本体论的概念入手,提出了本体论在地理信息科学中的确切含义,并阐述了建立地理本体的意义。重点研究了基于本体的地理信息共享,并在对各种本体表示语言进行分析比较之后,选择最有发展前景的OWL语言构建了一些简单的地理本体,用实例说明了如何将本体应用到地理信息服务当中来。更多还原

【Abstract】 Ontology, originally a philosophical concept, it has gained more and more attention among researchers in geographical information science recently. This paper first presents an overview of ontology as a discipline spanning the boundaries of philosophy and information science. Then analyzes the reasons why we should give ontological concern with geographical information. As a computational system, GIS is suffering the lack of a sound conceptual model. While an ontological research of geographical information will yield a better understanding of the nature and the organization of geographical reality, and make the development of GIS more conceptually sound. Additionally, GIS is currently characterized by a shift from monolithic system to open and distributed geographical information services. With this comes a move from standardized data formats to specifications of geographical information service interfaces. Then ontology will be widely used in the field of geographical information sharing, interoperation and services. The paper also introduces some ontology representation languages and concludes by suggesting OWL as the appropriate language for geographical ontology. Finally, through a case study, the application feasibility of geographical ontology in the domain of geographical information services is demonstrated.更多还原