【作者】 杨少海； 姚丽贤； 李国良； 何兆恒；

【Author】 Yang Shao-hai, YAO Li-xian, LI Guo-liang, He Zhao-heng (Soil & Fertilizer Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640)

【机构】 广东省农科院土壤肥料研究所；

【摘要】 现代集约化养殖业为提高饲料报酬,普遍使用最大限度提高禽畜粪生产力的饲料配方及各种添加剂,禽畜粪主要物质组成及含量与传统养殖的有较大差别。对广东省集约化养殖场禽畜粪调查结果显示:鸡、猪、鸽粪的N、P、K含量明显高于传统养殖的,P/N比分别达到0.46、0.44及1.05;鸡粪、猪粪、鸽粪总盐分含量分别平均为49.0、20.6及60.3g.kg-1,盐分组成以钾、钠的硫酸盐及氯化物为主;鸡粪Cu含量平均为107.5mg.kg-1;Zn平均达366.6mg.kg-1;As为21.6mg.kg-1;猪粪Cu含量平均达765.1mg.kg-1,Zn平均高达为1128.0mg.kg-1;As达89.3mg.kg-1;鸽粪Cu含量平均为56.1mg.kg-1,Zn为210.9mg.kg-1,As为2.9mg.kg-1。这三种禽畜粪的Pb、Cd和Cr含量均很低,在未检出至12.0mg.kg-1之间。按不同肥料重金属限量标准,鸡粪和猪粪重金属超标以Cu、Zn、As为主,其中Zn的超标最为普遍。更多还原

【Abstract】 Feed formula to maximum the animal’s production and additives are widely used in modern intensive livestock in order to enhance the feed return. Major components and their concentration of intensive-raised animal manure have greatly change as compared with traditional cultivation. Investigations on chicken, pig and pigeon manure were conducted in Guangdong intensive livestock and poultry farms. The results show that total N, P and K concentration in these manures are obviously higher than in traditional cultivation, and their P/N ratios reach to 0.46, 1.05 and 0.44, generally greater than the common crops’. Total salinity of these manures averaged 49.0, 20.6 and 60.3 g.kg-1 respectively, which were mainly composed of sulfate and chloride of potassium and sodium. The mean Cu, Zn and As concentration in chicken manure reached 107.5, 366.6 and 21.6 mg.kg-1. Those were 765.1, 1128.0 and 89.3 mg.kg-1 in pig manure, 56.1, 210.9 and 2.9 mg.kg-1 in pigeon manure, respectively. Meanwhile, Pb, Cd and Cr content in these manures were low from non-detectable to 12.0 mg.kg-1. As evaluated by different heavy metal criteria, Cu, Zn and As concentration in considerable chicken and pig manures samples exceeded the limits, and it was especially the case for Zn.更多还原