【作者】 顾坚； 杨木军； 刘琨； 田玉仙； 杨和仙； 李绍祥；

【Author】 GU Jian,YANG Mujun,LIU Kun,TIAN Yuxian,YANG Hexian LI Shaoxiang (Food Crops Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming,Yunnan 650205,China)

【机构】 云南省农业科学院粮食作物研究所；

【摘要】 小麦玉米杂交是产生小麦单倍体效率最高的途径之一。但由于其加倍单倍体的产生效率不够高,制约了该技术的育种应用。在云南夏、秋、冬季自然条件下,小麦和玉米均可同季大量种植,为该技术的研究提供了便利条件。本文对昆明自然条件下冬性和半冬性小麦材料通过春化处理后在昆明夏播的抽穗情况及其与玉米杂交的可行性、提高单倍体苗加倍效率的方法等进行了研究。结果表明,冬性、半冬性小麦材料通过30-60天的春化处理可在昆明夏季与玉米杂交;培育多蘖壮苗、改进操作细节,可提高单倍体苗的加倍成功率。本文还对昆明自然条件下春性弱春性小麦材料与玉米的最适杂交期和播期、如何简化玉米花粉诱导小麦单倍体的操作规程、提高加倍单倍体的产生效率等进行了讨论。更多还原

【Abstract】 Wheat × maize system is one of the most effective ways in producing haploid in wheat. However, because the efficiency of double haploid (DH) production is still not high enough, the application of this technique in wheat breeding was limited, where bigger DH population are needed to guarantee the effective selection. In summer, autumn and winter seasons of Yunnan, wheat and maize could be synchronously planted in the field, which provide much facility to perfect the protocols. In the paper, the heading status of winter or half-winter wheat materials in summer season of Kunming after vernalization, improvement in ways of chromosome doubling of haploid plant were investigated. Results showed that after 30-60 day’s vernalization, winter or half-winter wheat materials could head normally in summer season of Kunming, and cross with maize. Haploid plants with more tillers helped to raise the efficiency in obtaining DH plants. In addition, the suitable sowing time of spring or weak spring wheat materials and the optimum cross duration of wheat with maize, ways of simplifying the protocols and raising the efficiency of DH plants production were also discussed in the paper.更多还原