【作者】 张睿； 王哲笃； 任富平； 刘党校； 李必运；

【Author】 ZHANG Rui~1 WANG Zhe-du~2 REN Fu-ping~2 LIU Dang-xiao~1 LI Bi-yun~1 (1.Agronomy College of Northwest A & F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China;2.Shaanxi province agricultural technology extension general station,Xi’an,Shaanxi 710003,China)

【机构】 西北农林科技大学农学院； 陕西省农业技术推广中心；

【摘要】 选用中筋小麦小偃22为材料,在拔节期和孕穗期追施不同量的氮肥,研究追氮对其产量及结构因素和主要生物学特性的效应。结果表明：不同生育期追施氮肥有极显著增产作用, 平均单产提高11．3%。追施氮肥对产量的效应与追氮时期、追氮量有关,拔节期追氮增产幅度比孕穗期高2到4个百分点。以拔节期37．5kg/hm~2与孕穗期75kg/hm~2增产幅度最大,比对照增产15．4 %。追氮对产量主要构成因素效应主要表现在提高成穗数和穗粒数两个方面,成穗数平均比对照提高11．5%,以孕穗期追施氮肥效果最为明显：穗粒数平均比对照提高6．9%。追施氮肥可明显促进主茎节间生长,使得节间总长比对照增加7%,对不同部位节间效应与追氮时期和追氮量有关。追氮可显著提高单株成穗数,比对照高11．4%。追肥对功能叶面积效应一方面与叶位和蘖位有关, 另一方面与追氮时间有关。更多还原

【Abstract】 Xiaoyan22,a kind of medium gluten wheat,was used to study the effects of different nitrogen topdressing levels on the yield and structure factors and the main biological characteristics in jointing stage and booting stage.The result showed that nitrogen topdressing had effect significantly on yield in the different stages,and the yield increased 11.3% by different treatment.The effect of nitrogen topdressing on yield closely related with the fertilizer time and level of nitrogen fertilizer,and the yields was higher 2%-4% in jointing stage than in booting stage.The highest yield of the treatment is 37.5kg/hm~2 in jointing stage and 75kg/hm~2 in booting stage,the yield is 15.4%higher than CK.The effect of nitrogen topdressing on the main component factors of yield is mainly on grain number per ear and number of ears per plant.The number of ears per plant is 11.5% higher than CK and the grain number per ear is 6.9% higher than CK.The effects on ear and grain had the most significantly effect in booting stage by nitrogen topdressing.The nitrogen topdressing is able to markedly promote the growth of main stem inter-node and made the total length of inter-node is longer 7% than CK,and the effect of different stem inter-node is related with the nitrogen topdressing time and level of nitrogen fertilizer. Moreover,nitrogen topdressing could enhance the number of ears per plant significantly,which registered 11.4% increase over that of control group.On the one hand,the effect of nitrogen topdressing on the area of functional leaves is significantly related to leaf position and tiller position,on the other hand,it is significantly related to the time of nitrogen fertilizer.更多还原