【作者】 刘凯； 王志琴； 杨建昌；

【Author】 LIU Kai WANG Zhi-Qin YANG Jian-Chang~* (Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009,Jiangsu,China)

【机构】 扬州大学江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室；

【摘要】 以水稻品种武运粳8号(粳稻)和扬稻6号(籼稻)为材料,自抽穗后9天至成熟期进行浅水层保持(WW)、土壤轻度落干(MD)和土壤水分严重亏缺(SD)三种处理,研究了结实期土壤干旱对水稻产量和米质性状及 RVA 谱特征参数的影响。结果表明,与 WW 处理(保持水层) 相比,MD 处理(土壤水势保持在-10～-30 kPa),显著降低了垩白粒率和垩白度,提高了稻米的最高粘度和崩解值,降低了稻米的热浆粘度、最终粘度和消减值；与 MD 处理正好相反,SD 处理(土壤水势保持在-40～-60 kPa)下稻米品质变劣。MD 处理下籽粒中的蛋白质含量没有明显变化,但籽粒中蛋白质总量显著增加,SD 处理显著增加了米粒的蛋白质含量,但籽粒中蛋白质总量显著降低。与 WW 相比,MD 处理对结实率没有明显的影响,但显著提高了千粒重, 从而显著提高了产量；SD 处理后,结实率和千粒重均显著降低,导致产量显著下降。综上所述,结实期进行适度的土壤干旱或土壤轻度落干(MD)处理,即,在开花受精的敏感期后, 土壤水势保持在-10～-30 kPa,这种土壤落干处理可不仅增加了水稻产量,而且改善了稻米品质。更多还原

【Abstract】 This study investigated whether the practice of Soil Moisture during the grain filling period could improve the grain quality and increase yield in rice.Two rice cultivars, Wuyujing 8 (japonica) and Yangdao 6 (indica),were grown in pot.Three treatments,well watered (WW),moderate soil-drying (MD),and severe water-deficit (SD),were imposed from 9 day post-anthesis until maturity.The effects of soil moisture (soil water potential) on the development of rice quality and yield at filling stage were studied.Compared with WW,MD significantly reduced chalky kernels and chalkiness,increased peak viscosity and breakdown values and decreased hot viscosity,final viscosity and setback values.The results were reversed for SD.MD significantly increased protein general quantity in grains,SD significantly increased protein content in grains however reduced protein general quantity.MD significantly increased grain weight,leading to an increase in yield,whereas SD significantly decreased filled-grain percentage and grain weight,leading to a decrease in yield.The results suggested that MD which were imposed from 9 d post-anthesis until maturity not only increased grain yield in rice,but also improved rice quality.更多还原