【作者】 郑永美； 丁艳锋； 王强盛； 李刚华； 王惠芝； 王绍华；

【Author】 ZHENG Yong-Mei DING Yan-Feng WANG Qiang-Sheng LI Gang-Hua WANG Hui-Zhi WANG Shao-Hua~* (Key Laboratory of Crop Growth Regulation,Ministry of Agriculture,Nanjing Agriculture University,Nanjing 210095,China)

【机构】 南京农业大学农业部作物生长调控重点开放实验室；

【摘要】 以宁粳2号为材料,通过塑盘穴播育秧,带土、带肥移栽,研究了起身肥对水稻分蘖的发生,氮素积累量,氮肥利用率和产量的影响。结果表明：移栽后17天,基蘖肥水平相同条件下,起身肥处理(N-100%)群体茎蘖数比非起身肥处理(CK)每公顷高30万左右。有效分蘖临界叶龄期 N-100%处理中＞3叶龄分蘖比率显著高于 CK。与 CK 相比,N-100%处理多施, 5．55kgN/ha,而分蘖成穗率、有效穗数、氮素积累量、氮肥利用率和产量均显著提高。N-75% 处理(施起身肥,基蘖肥施量为常规基蘖肥施量的75%)中,总施肥量比 CK 低32．4 kgN/ha, 而氮素积累量和氮肥利用率均高于 CK。N-50%处理(施起身肥,基蘖肥施量为常规基蘖肥施量的50%)基蘖肥水平过低,影响分蘖的发生与生长,与 CK 相比,氮肥利用率和产量都显著降低。因此,适量的起身肥可以促进分蘖的早生快发,提高水稻的分蘖成穗率,而且施起身肥后适当降低基蘖氮肥的施用量,仍可以促进水稻对氮肥的吸收和利用,提高氮素积累量和氮肥利用率。更多还原

【Abstract】 Nitrogen (N) application before transplanting,in which N fertilizers are applied in seedling-bed and carried to the paddy field with seedlings,is a fertilization method proposed in this paper.The effect of this method on tillering,N accumulation,N fertilizer utilization efficiency (NUE),and grain yield were investigated in a field experiment with a japonica variety,Ningjing-2. The results indicated that,on the condition of equal basic and tillering N fertilizer,the tillers number of nitrogen fertilizer before transplanting treatment(N-100%) was 300 thousand/ha higher than that of no N fertilizer before transplanting treatment(CK).At the critical stage of productive tiller,the tillers ratio that leafage ＞3 of N-100% treatment was remarkably higher than that of CK.Compared with CK,the rate of effective tillers,number of effective panicles,N accumulation,NUE,and grain yield of N-100% treatment were markedly increased.But the application of N was only 5.55 kg/ha than that of CK.In N-75% treatment the application of N was 32.4kg/ha lower than that of CK. Whereas N accumulation and NUE was higher than those of CK.Compared with CK,N application of N-50% treatment was too lower,therefore it had negative effect of accelerating tiller’s development.As a result NUE and grain yield of N-50% treatment were observably lower than that of CK.The results suggested that proper N fertilizer before transplanting had positive effect on accelerating tiller’s development,and enhancing rate of effective tillers.Moreover,on the condition of employing N fertilizer before transplanting,it could reduce the quantity of basic and tillering N fertilizer,speed rice to absorb and utilize N fertilizer,and increase N accumulation and NUE still.更多还原