【作者】 魏海燕； 张洪程； 戴其根； 霍中洋； 许轲； 杭杰； 马群； 张胜飞； 张庆；

【Author】 WEI Hai-Yan ZHANG Hong-Cheng DAI Qi-Gen HUO Zhong-Yang XU Ke Hang Jie Ma Qun Zhang Sheng-Fei Zhang Qing (Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009,Jiangsu,China)

【机构】 扬州大学江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室；

【摘要】 选用氮素利用高效型和低效型具有代表性的12个粳稻基因型为材料,研究不同氮素利用效率类型水稻在有效分蘖临界叶龄（N-n）、拔节、抽穗和成熟时期的氮素积累特性、含氮率的差异及其与氮素利用效率的相互关系。结果表明：（1）不同生育时期,水稻氮高效类型的氮素积累量均大于氮低效类型,其中以抽穗和成熟时期尤为显著。各生育阶段中,除 （N-n）-拔节阶段,氮低效水稻基因型的氮素积累量极显著高于氮高效基因型外,其余各阶段均极显著低于氮低效基因型。其各阶段的氮素积累比例,移栽-（N-n）和（N-n）-拔节阶段氮低效基因型显著大于氮高效基因型,而在拔节-抽穗和抽穗-成熟阶段表现出相反的趋势。不同生育时期,水稻氮高效与低效基因型的含氮率没有表现出明显的差异。（2）水稻的氮素利用效率与（N-n）、抽穗和成熟期的氮素积累量呈显著正相关(0．68^*、0．93^**、0．97^**),而与拔节期氮素积累量相关性不明显。水稻氮素利用效率与移栽-（N-n）阶段的氮素积累量呈显著正相关（0．68^*）而与该阶段的氮素积累比例呈极显著负相关(-0．88^**),与（N-n）-拔节阶段的氮素积累量和积累比例均呈显著负相关(-0．55^*和-0．99^**),与拔节-抽穗和抽穗-成熟阶段的氮素积累量和积累比例均呈极显著正相关(0．98^**、0．72^**和0．97^**、0．93^**)。水稻氮素利用效率与各个时期的植株含氮率没有显著性相关。由此可见,水稻氮素利用高效基因型其氮素的积累具有抽穗前有效积累高而无效积累弱,抽穗后氮素积累相对较强的特点。更多还原

【Abstract】 N is also the most important input required in largest quantity of rice production although over use of N caused so many environment problems.N use efficiency was varied in different rice genotypes.Therefore it is necessary to identify the physiological mechanism of N absorption and utilization in different rice genotypes in order to increase N use efficiency through rice cultivar improvement.In this research,field experiment with 225 kg ha^-1 N fertilizer application was carried out in 2006 at the farm of Yangzhou University,Jiangsu province,China.Twelve rice genotypes （6 N-efficient and 6 N-inefficient） which have been selected from 120 rice cultivars grown in Yangzhou during 2004 and 2005 were adopted to investigate the characteristics of N accumulation and translocation in rice types with different N use efficiencies.Relationship of N use efficiency and indexes of rice N accumulation and translocation were also analyzed.Results were showed as follows.At the three growth stages including critical stage of productive tillering,heading and maturing,the amount of N accumulation of N-efficient rice was obviously higher than that of N-inefficient type while at the stage of elongating,there was no significant difference of N accumulation between the two rice types.In order to analyze the N accumulation progress of rice types with different N use efficiency,rice growth life was also divided into four phases including from transplanting to critical stage of productive tillering,from critical stage of productive tillering to elongating,from elongating to heading and from heading to maturing.Results revealed that the amount of N accumulation of N-efficient rice type was significantly higher than that of N-inefficient types during all growth phases except the phase from critical stage of productive tillering to elongating.And during the phase from critical stage of productive tillering to elongating,the amount of N accumulation of N-efficiency rice type was significantly lower than that of N-inefficient types. The percentage of N accumulation of N-efficient rice type was higher than that of N-inefficient types during the growth phase from elongating to heading and the phase from heading to maturing while it showed the reserved trend during the phase from transplanting to critical stage of productive tillering and the phase from the critical stage of productive tillering to elongating.Concerning the amount and the efficiency of N translocation before heading,they were obviously higher of N-efficient rice type than that of N-inefficient rice type.On the contrary,the contribution rate of transferred N to the total N of rice grain at maturity was significantly lower of N-efficient rice type than that of N-inefficient rice type.The characteristics of N accumulation and translocation of rice and their correlations with N use efficiency revealed that,for N efficient rice type,the amount of N accumulation before the critical stage of productive tille更多还原