【作者】 贾秀领； 姚艳荣； 张丽华； 马瑞昆； 张全国；

【Author】 JIA Xiu-ling YAO Yan-rong ZHANG Li-hua MA Rui-kun ZHANG Quan-guo (Institute of Cereal and Oil Crops,Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences,Shijiazhuang,Hebei 050031,China)

【机构】 河北省农林科学院粮油作物研究所；

【摘要】 于2005～2006年在大田高产条件下研究了冬小麦水分运筹对籽粒灌浆过程及产量的效应,并重点分析了不同灌浆时段土壤水分状况与籽粒灌浆过程的关系。结果表明,花后0～14 d 土壤含水量偏高抑制该时段粒重的增加,品种间反应一致；花后14～28 d 石麦12品种对土壤水分需求旺盛,高土壤水分含量显著促进其灌浆速率的增高；石新733此时段对土壤水分适宜范围广；28d 至成熟适中的土壤水分对后期粒重增加有利,水分过高严重抑制后期粒重的增加,品种间反应相近；灌浆水虽促进了石麦12灌水后14 d 内的灌浆速率,却抑制了其花后28 d 至成熟阶段的粒重增长,最终粒重和产量呈下降趋势。灌浆水对石新733灌后14d 内灌浆速率促进作用微弱, 但却促进了其花后28 d 至成熟阶段的籽粒灌浆,最终千粒重和产量均较高。初步总结了不同灌浆时段小麦籽粒灌浆适宜的0～100 cm 土壤水分含量范围指标。更多还原

【Abstract】 The effects of irrigation management on grain filling and yield were analyzed in a field study in 2005～2006 for high-yielding winter wheat,focusing on the relations between grain developing course and con- current soil moisture status.The results showed that high soil moisture hindered grain growth during 0～14 days after anthesis.The two cultivars investigated responded similarly.During 14～28 d,the cultivar SM12 re- quired sufficient water supply for greater grain filling rate.However,the cultivar SX733 was relatively insensi- tive to variations in soil water conditions.At late grain filling stage between 28 d and maturity,intermediate soil moisture facilitated grain-filling in both cultivars.Irrigation at 15～17 d promoted greatly the grain filling rate within 14 d after irrigation in SM12,but decreased significantly that of 28 d to maturity,which resulted in de- crease in final grain weight and yield.In contrast,irrigation at mid grain filling stage had little effect on SX733 within 14 d after irrigation,but increased that of 28 d to maturity,leading to higher grain weight and yield. Soil water moisture ranges favorable for grain filling at various grain filling periods were proposed based on the above results.更多还原