【作者】 杜瑞恒； 甘耀进； 籍贵苏； 马继芳； 侯升林； 李顺国； 王新玉； 吕芃； 魏志敏； 张玉华； 赵立欣； 张艳丽；

【Author】 DU Rui-heng~1 GAN Yao-jin~1 JI Gui-su~1 MA Ji-fang~1 HOU Sheng-lin~1 LI Shun-guo~1 WANG Xin-yu~1 LU Peng~1 WEI Zhi-min~1 ZHANG Yu-hua~2 ZHAO Li-xin~2 ZHANG Yan-li~2 (1.National Millet Improvement Center Kay-lab of Minor Cereal Crops Research in Hebei,Shijiazhuang 050031,China;2.Chinese Academy of Agricultural Engineering Research and Planning,Beijing 100026,China)

【机构】 国家谷子改良中心河北省杂粮研究重点实验室； 农业部规划设计研究院；

【摘要】 利用甜高粱新品种能饲1号,通过观察其蚜虫发生规律,调查分析蚜虫发生对茎秆鲜重、茎秆液汁糖锤度、单穗重、单穗粒重等甜高粱主要经济性状的影响。结果表明:危害甜高粱的蚜虫种类有高粱蚜(Melanaphis sacchari)、玉米蚜(Rhopalosiphum maidis)、麦二叉蚜(Schizphis graminum)、长管蚜(macrosiphum anenae)和缢管蚜(Rhopalosiphum padi)。后3种蚜主要危害春播甜高粱的幼苗,高粱蚜和玉米蚜主要危害甜高粱成株。高粱蚜和玉米蚜造成茎秆鲜重,液汁糖锤度、单穗重、单穗粒重、出粱率等甜高粱经济性状指标的显著降低,特别是经济收获体——茎秆和穗的经济性状指标液汁糖锤度和单穗重的降低,蚜虫严重发生时,导致甜高粱失去利用价值, 因此重视甜高粱抗蚜品种选育和蚜虫防治。单茎蚜虫发生量在300头以内时,茎秆液汁糖锤度降低不明显,当蚜虫发生量在300头/株以上时,茎秆液汁糖锤度降低明显,当单茎蚜虫发生量在700头以上时,茎秆液汁糖锤度平均降低到10%以下,失去发酵生产酒精的利用价值。单茎蚜虫300头可作为甜高粱抗蚜育种目标和防治指标。更多还原

【Abstract】 Nengsi 1,one sweet sorghum a new variety was used as experimental material in this study. Through observing the aphis arising and developing,the effects caused by aphis in it’s main economic character,such as the stalk fresh weight,sugar content(stalk brix),spike weight,grain weight per spike were investigated and analyzed.The result indicated that the sorghum aphid(Melanaphis sac- chari),the maize aphid(Rhopalosiphum maidis),wheat aphid(Schizphis graminum)are the major a- phis which cause sweet sorghum to be damaged.Wheat aphid mainly occurs in seedling sown in spring.The sorghum aphid and the maize aphis mainly occur after heading.Their occurrence causes the sweet sorghum economical character indexes obviously reducing,specially causes sugar content, grain weight per spike reducing when aphis occurs seriously.Stalk and grain are the economical har- vest parts of sweet sorghum.Serious aphis occurrence may cause the sweet sorghum to lose the use val- ue.Therefore,it is very important to breed the anti-aphid sweet sorghum variety and to control aphis. When aphis number less than 300 heads in the single stem,the sugar content(stalk Brix)does not re- duce obviously,When the aphis number above 300,the sugar content(stalk Brix)reduces obviously, When the single stem aphis number above 700,the sugar content reduces to10% or below 10%,the stalk loses the use value to produce alcohol by fermentation.300 aphis in single stem may the goal of sweet sorghum anti-aphis breeding and the index of aphis control.更多还原