【作者】 尹钧； 杨宗渠； 李金才； 周冉； 谷冬燕；

【Author】 YIN Jun YANG Zong-qu LI Jin-cai ZHOU Ran GU Dong-yan (National Engineering Research Center for Wheat,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,China)

【机构】 河南农业大学,国家小麦工程技术研究中心；

【摘要】 为了解黄淮麦区不同基因型小麦新品种的春化发育特性,为小麦新品种合理利用提供科学依据。以不同生态区大面积推广的17个品种为试验材料,研究不同春化预处理对冬小麦生育期、穗分化的起始和分化进程的影响。结果表明,春化处理后不问摹因型的苗穗期、出苗期至幼穗分化二棱期的天数均随春化时间的延长而有不同程度的缩短,但不同基因型品种间存在较大差异。通过聚类分析将参试品种分成春化特性不同的三个类型,春性品种不经低温春化即可完成幼穗分化、正常抽穗,而冬性品种如不经过低温春化处理,穗分化都在二棱期停留,低温(0～2℃)处理20d 和30d 能分别满足半冬性品种和冬性品种幼穗分化对低温的要求。表明该区种植的小麦品种虽然都属传统分类中有春化反应的半冬性品种,但春化发育特性仍有较大的差别,品种布局不合理和播期偏早是造成冻害的主要原因。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to provide a scientific guidance for proper utilization of new wheat varieties in Huanghuai Zone,the vernalization character of different genotypes of winter wheats(Triticum aestivum L.)was studied.17 wheat varieties of different ecological region were used to investigate the effects of vernalization treatments on growing period and initiation and duration of spike differentiation.The investigation data showed that seedling-heading period and duration from emergence stage to appearance of double ridge of spike differentiation were shorter with prolonging vernalization time.Seventeen varieties in this experiment were classified to three types by means of cluster analysis.Without vernalization treatment,spring-type varieties can differentiate spike and head normally.As to winter-type varieties,spike differentiation can initiate but would stop in double ridge stage if varieties were not treated in low temperature.Low temperature(0～2℃)for 20d was enough for spike differentiation of semi-winter-type varieties and 30d for winter-type varieties.It shows there are larger difference in the vernalization development of the wheat varieties planted in Henan.Because of the variety difference in the vernalization development,the early seeding stage and irrational variety distribution will results in wheat winterkill.更多还原