【作者】 郭丽英； 王道龙； 王介勇；

【Author】 Guo Liying;Wang Jieyong;Wang Daolong;Institute of Natural Resources and Regional Planning,CAAS;Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences;

【机构】 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所； 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所；

【摘要】 论文分析了1996-2008年我国沿海地区耕地变化的基本态势、时空特征及其主导成因。主要结论是:1)1996-2008年,沿海地区耕地面积呈现持续下降趋势,耕地面积净减少205.5万公顷,年均耕地减少量17.1万公顷。2001-2005年的耕地净减少量为137.3万公顷,分别是1996-2000年、2005-2008年两个时期减少量的4倍;2)1996-2005年,沿海地区建设占用耕地面积为105.3万公顷,占同期耕地减少总面积的34.03%。建设占用耕地的主要途径是独立工矿、交通、村庄与城镇建设,分别占45.03%、15.8%、15.47%和11.5%;3)快速工业化、城镇化发展,交通基础设施建设加快,农村城镇化与农村居民点建设用地增长,以及农业结构战略性调整,成为导致沿海地区耕地面积持续减少的重要原因。更多还原

【Abstract】 Along with the high-strength exploitation of natural resources, once commercial grain bases rich in land and water resources now become urbanized regions with problems such as continuous arable land losing and obvious declining in agriculture production, Irrational land use has altered the land-cover pattern and fostered great changes of the man-nature relationship system in the coastal areas of China artificially. This paper discusses the holistic situation, dominant factors of arable land loss and its causes in the eastern coastal China over the last decade, with the aid of GIS technology. Conclusions of the research are summarized as follows: 1) the arable land had been continuously decreasing during 1996 to 2008, with a loss of 2,055,000 hm2 and an average decrement of 171,000 hm2 per year. Especially, in the eastern coastal China the arable land loss from 2001 to 2005 is faster four times than that of the period during 1996-2000 and 2005-2008; 2) total area of encroachment on arable land for construction between 1996 to 2005 was 1,053,000 hm2, accounting for 34.03% of arable land loss in the same period, the percentages of which used for industrial land, transportation land, rural construction land and town construction land are 45.03%, 15.8%, 15.47% and 11.5%, respectively; and 4) the fluctuation of encroachment on arable land in the areas was deeply influenced by the nation’s macroscopic land use policies and regional development level. The main reasons behind the transformation of arable land are the growing population and socio-economic developments resulting in demands for a higher living standard. Especially, the growth of population and advancement of technology promoted the rapid industrialization, construction of transportation infrastructures, rural urbanization, expansion of rural settlements and agricultural structure adjustment in the eastern coastal areas, and therefore were the primary driving forces of arable land changes.更多还原