【作者】 何晓红； 韩秀丽； 关伟军； 田可川； 张文彬； 马月辉；

【Author】 (HE Xiao-hong,HAN Xiu-li,GUAN Wei-jun,TIAN Ke-chuan, ZHANG Wen-bin,MA Yue-hui Ma~*) (1.Institute of Animal Science,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100193; 2.The Key Laboratory for Farm Animal Genetic Resources and Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture of China,Beijing100193;3.Xinjiang Academy of Animal Science, Urumqi 830000;4.Bactrian Camels Institute of Alxa League,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,Alxa Left Banner,Inner Mongolia750300)

【机构】 中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所； 农业部畜禽遗传资源与利用重点实验室； 新疆畜牧科学院； 内蒙古阿拉善盟骆驼科学研究所；

【摘要】 为从分子水平上对我国双峰驼(Camelus bactrianus)群体的遗传多样性、群体间遗传关系、群体遗传分化及近交情况进行全面、系统地研究,为双峰驼种质资源保护和新品种培育提供基础数据,本文利用18对微卫星引物,分析了我国9个双峰驼群体和1个蒙古双峰驼群体的遗传多样性和遗传关系。结果显示:10个群体均具有较高的遗传多样性,共检测到242个等位基因,平均等位基因数为13.44,平均有效等位基因数为4.18,平均观察杂合度(Ho)为0.5528。10个群体间存在显著的遗传分化,有9.6%的遗传变异来自群体间,90.4%的遗传变异来自群体内部的个体间。聚类分析、主成分分析和群体遗传结构分析结果都表明10个群体被分成2个明显的分支,新疆4个群体单独聚为一类,剩下的6个群体聚为一类。这一结果可能与它们的地理分布和群体间的地理屏障有关。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to investigate the genetic diversity,genetic relationship,genetic differentiation and possi-ble inbreeding at the molecular level,nine Chinese indigenous Bactrian camel populations and one Mongo-lian population were sampled and genotyped using 18 microsatellite markers.We did so to provide scientificevidence and technical support for the development of sound policy for the conservation and sustainable uti-lization of Bactrian camel genetic resources.The results showed that all ten of the Bactrian camel populationshad rich genetic diversity with a total of 242 alleles at the 18 loci.The mean number of alleles per locus was13.44,the average number of effective alleles was 4.18,the mean observed heterozygosity(HO) was 0.5528,and polymorphic information content(PIC) averaged 0.5996.Overall genetic differentiation among the tenpopulations was highly significant(P<0.001) with 9.6%of the total genetic variance present among thepopulations and remaining 90.4%among individuals within the populations.Cluster analysis,principalcomponent analysis and structure analysis all indicated that the ten Bactrian camel populations were separat-ed into two clades:the first included four populations from Xinjiang while the second was made up of theremaining six populations.The genetic differentiation and structuring among the 10 Bactrian camel popula-tions were generally in agreement with the geographic distribution and natural geographic barriers amongpopulations.更多还原