【作者】 杜炳旺； 孟和；

【机构】 广东海洋大学动物科学系； 上海交通大学农业与生物学院；

【摘要】 利用15个微卫星DNA标记对7个鸡品种进行了遗传多样性分析,通过计算等位基因频率、多态信息含量、杂合度、有效等位基因数和遗传距离,评估各品种内遗传变异和各品种间遗传相关,并根据遗传距离对北京油鸡、浦东鸡、贵妃鸡、石岐杂、溧阳鸡、海兰蛋鸡、安卡肉鸡等7个鸡品种进行了聚类分析。结果表明,贵妃鸡平均杂合度最低,为0.4285,浦东鸡最高,为0.6189;总群体在15个微卫星位点上的平均基因多样度为0.7150,亚群体的平均基因多样度为0.6190,基因分化系数平均为0.1343。说明在总变异中,有13.43%的变异来自群体间。以标准遗传距离为准,通过UPGMA法聚类后,7个鸡品种共聚为两大类,贵妃鸡独自聚为一类,浦东鸡与石岐杂鸡的遗传距离最近,为0.2953,而与海兰蛋鸡的遗传距离最远,为0.4542。更多还原

【Abstract】 The genetic polymorphisms of 15 microsatellite loci in 7 chicken breeds were analysed,allele frequency,polymorphism information content(PIC),heterozygosity(H),number of effective alleles and genetic distance were calculated to evaluate the genetic relationships in each breed and among breeds.A dendrogram was obtained based on genetic distances.The results showed that the Pudong chicken was very rich and was of high selective potency.The average heterozy-gosity of the Pudong chicken is 0.6189 that was the highest,and that of the Guifei(Princess chicken or Houdan)chicken is 0.4285 that was the lowest.The gene diversity of total populations at all microsatellite loci was 0.7150;the gene diversity in every population at all microsatellite loci was 0.6190;the coefficient of gene differentiation was 0.1343.By standard genetic distance,the distance between Pudong chicken and Shiqiza chicken was the closest that was 0.2953,the distance between Pudong chicken and Hailan chicken was the farthest that was 0.4542.In the UPGMA tree, the 7 chicken breeds were clustered into 3 groups,and Pudong chicken has its own branch in the first group, Guifei chicken is only branch in the 7 breeds.更多还原