【作者】 潘福霞； 鲁剑巍； 刘威； 耿明建； 李小坤； 曹卫东；

【Author】 PAN Fu-xia~1,LU Jian-wei~(1*),LIU Wei~1,GENG Ming-jian~1,LI Xiao-kun~1,CAO Wei-dong~2 (1 Resources & Environment College,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China; 2 Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081,China)

【机构】 华中农业大学资源与环境学院； 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所；

【摘要】 利用网袋法模拟研究旱地条件下箭筈豌豆(Vicia sativa L.)、苕子(Vicia villosa Roth.Var.)、山黧豆(Lathyrus palustris l.Var.Pilosus ledeb)三种绿肥的腐解和养分释放特征。结果表明,三种绿肥均在翻压15d内腐解较快,腐解率均在50%以上,之后腐解速率逐渐减慢,翻压70d时,箭筈豌豆、苕子和山黧豆的累积腐解率分别达71.7%、67.3%和74.1%。氮和钾在翻压10d内释放较快,碳和磷在翻压15d内释放较快,之后释放速率均减慢。箭筈豌豆、苕子和山黧豆在翻压70d时的碳累积释放率分别为71.3%、67.0%和74.1%。三种绿肥的养分累积释放率均是K>P>N,在翻压70d时钾的累积释放率均在90%以上,磷的累积释放率为73.3～78.7%,氮的累积释放率为59.9～71.2%,其中山黧豆的氮和磷累积释放率高于箭筈豌豆和苕子,而三种绿肥钾的累积释放率无显著差异。养分释放量结果表明,箭筈豌豆和苕子的养分累积释放量表现为K>N>P,而山黧豆表现为N>K>P,不同绿肥的养分累积释放量不同,山黧豆的氮累积释放量最高,箭筈豌豆的磷和钾累积释放量最高,苕子各养分的累积释放量都最低。更多还原

【Abstract】 Green manure is a kind of major organic fertilizer.Organic matter and nutrients content in soil can be improved by returning the green manure to farmland,and it’s important to sustainable development of agriculture.There are many winter fallow fields in south of China which can be used to plant green manure crops.Common vetch(Vicia sativa L.),Chinese trumpet creeper(Vicia villosa Roth. Var.) and Lathyrus quinquenervius(Lathyrus palustris l.Var.Pilosus ledeb) are all familiar leguminous green manure crops,which can be planted extensively in poor soil,drought and low temperature regions. This paper studied the characteristics of decomposing and nutrients releasing of the three kinds of green manure crops using the method of nylon net bag.The purpose was to evaluate the nutrients amount provided from the green manure crops and develop a reasonable system of rotation and fertilization.The results indicated that the dry matter of three green manure crops decomposed fast in the first 15 days after incubation,and the rate of decomposition were more than 50%,then decreasing.At the end of the experiment,the decomposition rate of the Common vetch(CV),Chinese trumpet creeper(CTC) and Lathyrus quinquenervius(LQ) were 71.7%,67.3%and 74.1%respectively.Nitrogen(N) and potassium(K) released fast during the first 10 days,and carbon(C) and phosphorus(P) released fast in the first 15 days,then they were all released slowly until the end of experiment.After 70 days incubation, the carbon release rate of the CV,CTC and LQ were 71.3%,67.0%and 74.1%respectively.The nutrient release rate of the three green manure was K>P>N,70 days after incubation,the K release rate of the three green manure was more than 90%,P release rate was 73.3%-78.7%,N release rate was 59.9%-71.2%.The N and P release rate of the LQ were higher than CV and CTC,however,there were no significant difference in K release rate of the three green manure crops.The results also showed that the nutrients release amount of CV and CTC were C>K>N>P,while LQ was C>N>K>P.Nutrients release amount of three green manure crops were different,the release amount of N and C of the LQ were greatest,the release amount of P and K of the CV were highest,all the nutrients release amount of the CTC were the lowest.更多还原