【作者】 王伟妮； 鲁剑巍； 鲁明星； 李小坤； 李云春； 李慧；

【Author】 WANG Wei-ni~1,LU Jian-wei~(1*),LU Ming-xing~2,LI Xiao-kun~1,LI Yun-chun~1,LI Hui~1 (1.Resources and Environment College,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China; 2.Soil and Fertilizer Station of Hubei Province,Wuhan 430070,China)

【机构】 华中农业大学资源与环境学院； 湖北省土壤肥料工作站；

【摘要】 2006年至2009年,通过在湖北省18个县(市、区)布置多点田间肥效试验,研究在当前生产条件下推荐施用氮肥对早、中、晚稻产量及其构成因素的影响,分析当前水稻生产中的氮肥利用率现状。结果表明,同不施氮相比,早、中、晚稻施氮分别平均增产稻谷1641、1717和1695 kg/hm~2,增产率平均分别为37.6%、27.5%和35.0%,氮肥对产量的贡献率平均分别为25.3%、20.3%和24.7%。结果说明,当前生产条件下,施用氮肥可以显著提高水稻产量,而水稻产量的提高主要是由于氮肥促进了单位面积有效穗数和每穗粒数的增加所致。在当前生产条件和推荐施氮量水平下,早、中、晚稻氮肥农学利用率平均分别为10.7、10.0和10.4 kg/kg,氮肥偏生产力平均分别为46.2、50.1和45.3 kg/kg,氮肥吸收利用率平均分别为31.0%、33.2%和24.8%,氮肥生理利用率平均分别为31.8、31.8和41.1kg/kg。本研究说明,通过氮肥的合理施用,可充分挖掘水稻高产品种的增产潜力,从而可同步实现水稻的高产与氮肥的高效利用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Multipoint field experiments of early,mid and late-season rice were conducted in 18 counties of Hubei province during 2006-2009.The objective of the research was to study the effect of nitrogen fertilizer on rice yield and yield components,and to investigate the nitrogen use efficiency in main rice producing region of Hubei province.The results indicated that the application of nitrogen increased rice yield significantly.The average yield of NPK(with nitrogen) treatment of early,mid and late-season rice was 6486,8387 and 6929 kg/ha,which was 1641,1717 and 1695 kg/ha higher than that of PK(without nitrogen) treatment,respectively.The yield increase rate of early,mid and late-season rice was 37.6%,27.5%and 35.0%,corresponding to 25.3%,20.3%and 24.7%of N contribution rate (NCR),respectively.At present production,the N agronomic efficiency(NAE) of early,mid and late-season rice was 10.7,10.0 and 10.4 kg/kg,respectively.The partial factor productivity of applied N (PFP) of early,mid and late-season rice was 46.2,50.1 and 45.3 kg/kg,respectively.The N recovery efficiency(NRE) of early,mid and late-season rice was 31.0%,33.2%and 24.8%,respectively.The N physiological efficiency(NPE) of early,mid and late-season rice was 31.8,31.8 and 41.1 kg/kg, respectively.We concluded that higher rice yield and higher nitrogen use efficiency can be realized simultaneously by using optimum amount of nitrogen fertilizer.更多还原