【作者】 包维楷； 陈庆恒； 刘照光；

【Author】 Bao Weikai Chen Qingheng Liu Zhaoguang (Chengdu Institute of Biology,Academia Sinica,Chengdu 610041)

【机构】 中国科学院成都生物所；

【摘要】 生态系统退化的根本原因是人类活动的干扰,其内在实质是系统结构和功能的退化,而外在表现则是生物多样性的退化和破坏以及环境的衰退.作者在分析生物多样性在生态系统中的地位,生态系统退化过程中生物多样性退化的基础上,提出生物多样性的恢复和重建是退化生态系统恢复和重建核心的思想,并在氓江上游山地退化生态系统研究的基础上,提出了山地退化生态系统中生物多样性恢复与重建的步骤、途径和技术方法.更多还原

【Abstract】 Importance,decaying and rebuilding of biological diversity are discussed in this paper.Bioiogical diversity has an important role in ecosystem,not only crucial component part,but also the guarantee of its function,still power of its existence and development.Lose of biological diversity is inevitable to cause the degradation of ecosystem.The essence of degraded ecosystem is the damage of structure and function,but display of degraded ecosystem is the lose of biological diversity and the degradation of environment.Firstly Characteristic species and their population in ecosystem are damaged,decaying or disppearing,secondly,campanion and accessory species,then those species that depand on forest environment.In the meantime,some accidental species and those suitable to special site,for example drought-resistant,pollution-resistant species,in vade the ecosystem and cause environment degrading.Further,the process is aggravated and ecosystem degrade.So biological diversity is key to ecosystem Centre of rebuilding ecosystem restoration and enhancement of biological diversity.On the basis of studying on rebuilding the degraded mountainous ecosystem in upstream of Minjiang River basin,the procedures,ways,metheds and measures of restoration and enhancement of biological diversity in degraded mountainous ecosystem are also set forth.Dlfferent degraded degree require different ways,metheds and measures.Major methed is building artificial plant counmunity.Major measures include environmental regulation,agroforest,ecoforestry ecoagriculture,ecological engeneering andecologicalplan techniques.更多还原