【作者】 许可； 霍翔； 祖荣强； 李亮； 汤奋扬； 朱凤才； 羊海涛； 汪华；

【Author】 XU Ke,HUO Xiang,ZU Rong-qiang,LI Liang,TANG Fen-yang,ZHU Feng-cai,YANG Hai-tao,WANG Hua.Jiangsu Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Nanjing 210009,China

【机构】 江苏省疾病预防控制中心；

【摘要】 目的探讨5岁以下婴幼儿病毒性腹泻的危险因素。方法采用性别、年龄匹配的1:2配对病例对照研究对江苏省多个市县级医疗机构收治的5岁以下病毒性腹泻儿童和对照儿童进行问卷调查,数据采用Cox比例风险模型拟和Logistic回归。腹泻的病原体采用ELISA或RT-PCR进行检测确认。结果单因素分析显示患儿的城乡差异、体重、父母受教育程度、职业、家庭厨房有无水池、菜刀板是否生熟分开、有无宠物饲养、做饭人是否经常洗手、患儿一周前是否接触动物、一周前是否服用抗生素这些变量与病毒性腹泻的发生有统计学关联。未发现既往病史、轮状疫苗接种史等因素与病毒性腹泻的相关性。拟和多变量Logistic回归模型,应变量为是否患病,自变量为家庭厨房有无水池、菜刀板是否生熟分开、一周前是否服用抗生素,其OR值的95%CI分别为0.340～0.852、0.295～0.705、2.153～6.227。患儿组体重比对照组明显减轻(P<0.001)是由于腹泻导致的,故未纳入多变量模型。结论病毒性腹泻可使患儿体重明显减轻,较差的生活条件和卫生习惯、抗生素使用可增加病毒性腹泻发生的危险性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To assess the risk factors of viral diarrhea among children below 5 years old.Methods A case-control study was conducted in two groups of children matched by sex,age and hospital with or without viral diarrhea from hospitals in Xuzhou and Zhenjiang area.The pathogen of diarrhea was confirmed by ELISA and RT-PCR.Interview was carried out with uniform designed questionnaires.Cox’ s proportional hazards regression analysis was then performed.Results Factors that were independently associated with the development of viral diarrhea,included children’s address,weight,parents’ Schooling and profession,washing-up sink in kitchen,cut cooked and uncooked foods by different kitchen knife and target,raising pets,cook wash hands before cook,the children contacted animals and take antibiotics one week ago before diarrhea.Anamnesis and rotavirus vaccine inoculation were not found associated with viral diarrhea.Multivariate Logistic regression model was then fitted with three variables,including washing-up sink in kitchen,cut cooked and uncooked foods by different kitchen knife and target,take antibiotics one week ago before dianhea.The CI of OR was 0.340～0.852,0.295～0.705 and 2.153～6.227 separately.The viral diarrhea children were significantty lighter than controls.Conclusions The viral diarrhea result in weight decrease in children below 5 years.The risk of viral diarrhea increase with worse hygienic habits and antibiotics taken.更多还原