【作者】 魏斯禹； 邓肖粤； 金志翰；

【Author】 Wei Siyu Deng Xiaoyue Jin Zhihan (Institute of Geophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences)

【机构】 中国科学院地球物理研究所；

【摘要】 西藏高原内部地热活动强烈,具有明显的分区特征.在羊八井热田区进行的钻井测温表明,井深为150m处实测的温度已达到162—175℃.从总体上看,雅鲁藏布江以南和喜马拉雅山脉以北地带的水热活动频繁,具有近代火山活动地区的特征.喜马拉雅地热带水热活动所显示的天然热流量总计为5.2×10⁵cal·s^-1,约占西藏全境总热量的76.5%.对1982年在羊卓雍湖和普莫雍湖中所测得的数据（中、法合作项目）,进行地形、气温、湖中沉积厚度和侵蚀作用等各种校正和计算,所获得的平均热流值分别为:4.245和2.084 H.F.U..通过比较表明,在雅鲁藏布江地带是一个高热流值区.基于西藏高原地区地震活动、L_g波的传播、Q值、应力降、S波速度、地壳中的低速层与低阻层的分布等方面的研究表明,它们均与该区地热活动密切相关,并与居里等温面的埋深和深部热源体的分布相关.综合地球物理场的研究也均反映出西藏高原的地壳与上地幔物质中的温度较高.喜马拉雅地热带是印度板块与欧亚板块碰撞与长期挤压并伴有上地幔物质上涌的结果.更多还原

【Abstract】 In the interior of Tibetan plateau the geothermal activity is very strong with distinct divisional characteristics.The observed temperature in the drill hole in Yangbajing thermal region reaches to 162-175℃at the depth of 150 meters.As a whole,on the south of Yarlung Zangbo River and the north of Himalayas the hydrothermal activity occurs quite frequently with typical volcanic features.The natural heat flow indicated by hydrothermal activity in the area of Himalayas is 5.2×10⁵ cal/sec,amounting to 76.5%of the total heat flow in Tibet. After various corrections of topography,atmospheric temperature,depositional thickness etc.at Yangzhuyung lake and Pumuyung lake,the obtained average heat flow value is 4.245 and 2.084 H.F.U.respectively.The comparison shows that the internal Tibetan plateau is an area of high heat flow value. The studies on seismic activity,propagation of L_? wave,Q value,stress drop,velocity of S wave,distributions of the low velocity layer and low resistivity layer of crust at the Tibetan plateau region show their close relations with the regional geothermal activity and the distributions of the buried depth of isothermal Curie surface and deep heat sources.The combined study of geophysical field also shows the high temperature of the matter at the crust and upper mantle of Tibetan plateau.The Himalayan geothermal zone was a result of collision and long compression between Indian plate and Eurasian plate.更多还原