【作者】 艾鷖； 文勇立； 泽让东科； 傅昌秀； 李善蓉； 杨建梅； 王永； 李强； 侯定超； 路畅； 张云；

【Author】 Ai Yi;Wen Yong-li;Ze Rang-dong-ke;Fu Chang-xiu;Li San-rong;Yang Jian-mei;Wang Yong;Li Qiang;Hou Din-chao;Lu Chang;Zhang Yun;Institute of Qinhai-Tibetan Plateau,southwest university for nationalities;Sichuan Provine Head Station for Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine;Sichuan Provine Aba Prefecture Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine Bureau;Colleague of life science and technology,southwest university for nationalities;

【机构】 西南民族大学青藏高原研究院； 四川省畜牧总站； 金川县畜牧兽医局； 西南民族大学生命科学与技术学院；

【摘要】 (目的)金川多肋骨牦牛是近期发现的具有突出生物学特性的牦牛类群,解剖试验和调查表明,金川牦牛中有52%的个体比普通牦牛多出一个胸椎和一对肋骨,具有15个胸椎和15对肋骨,其繁殖性能、产肉产奶等生产性能和抗逆性也显著高于普通牦牛。分析金川多肋牦牛多肋骨性状与Hox8同源异型基因甲基化模式的关系,有助于解释多肋骨性状形成的分子机制并为分子标记研究提供依据。(方法)采用克隆测序、重亚硫酸氢盐测序(BSP)、R软件绘制甲基化谱图和ANOVA分析,以胸、腰椎组型正常的金川牦牛、毗邻地区牦牛、麦洼牦牛和帕里牦牛为对照(C型),研究组型异常的金川多肋牦牛(A型和B型)Hox8同源异型基因组3个基因(Hox 8group paralogous genes)的甲基化模式。(结果)A、B型与4组C型3个基因的碱基序列高度一致;A、B型Hox C8甲基化水平高于4个C型组(P<0.01);A型HoxB8甲基化水平与帕里C型差异不显著(P>0.05),B型与毗邻地区C型、金川C型以及麦洼C型差异不显著(P>0.05,但A、B型间HoxD8甲基化水平差异显著(P<0.01)。(结论)金川多肋骨牦牛胸椎和腰椎变异不是由Hox8基因突变引起;HoxC8高甲基化会导致胸椎和腰椎数量及形态结构改变;HoxC8、HoxD8同时呈现高甲基化水平会诱导发育形成多一节胸推,并避免腰椎畸形;单纯.Hox.D8启动子核心区域的甲基化水平变化与胸椎及腰椎形态变异无关;Hox B8甲基化水平的差异不会对这两种椎骨发育产生影响。故,金川多肋骨牦牛胸椎和腰椎变异与HoxC8、HoxD8的甲基化模式密切相关。更多还原

【Abstract】 (Object)Jinchuan Multi-rib Yak have some prominent biological characteristics which was found in recently survey.According to anatomy test and investigation,52%individuals of this Yak type have15 thoracic vertebrate and 15 pair of ribs,which means that it has one more thoracic and one more pair of ribs than normal Yak types.Jinchuan multi-rib Yak have better reproductive and productive performance and resist capability than the other Yak types.Study the relationship between methylation pattern of Hox 8 group paralogous genes and mutamorphosis of thoracic and lumbar vertebra in Jinchuan Multi-Rib Yak will help us to understanding the molecular mechanism of multi-rib formation and support molecular mark screening.(Method) methylation mapping by R software and ANOVA were introduced to analysis Sequencing and BSP datum.We compared normal Jinchuan Yak(type C),adjacent area Yak(type C),Maiwa Yak(type C)and Pali Yak(type C) with Jinchuan multi-rib Yak(Type A and B) to study the methylation pattern of Hox 8group paralogous genes.(Result)There was no different of base sequence between type A,B and C yaks at all;type A and B yak’s methylation level of Hox C8 was extremely higher than type C(P<0.01);there was no significantly different methylation level of Hox D8 between type B and type C yaks(P>0.05),and no significantly different of methylation level of Hox B8 between type A and Pali yak;the same situation was occur between type A and adjacent area yak,Jinchuan type C,Maiwa Type C yaks(P>0.05),but very significant different was founded between type A and B yaks(P<0.01).(Conclusion)The vertebrate mutation is not caused by Hox 8 group genes’ mutation;hyper-methylated Hox C8 will produce number and form changed thoracic and lumbar;Hox C8 and Hox D8 hyper-methylated contemporary will lead yak to develop one more thoracic vertebrate,one more pair of ribs and avoid lumbar development deformity;single Hox D8 or Hox B8hyper-methylated will not affect vertebrate form and numbers.In conclusion,Jinchuan multi-rib yak’s thoracic and lumbar mutation is closed related to methylation pattern of Hox C8 and Hox D8.更多还原