【作者】 刘援朝；

【Author】 Liu Yuanchao;Tianjin Police College;

【机构】 天津公安警官职业学院； 天津法制心理学会；

【摘要】 被破坏性膜拜团体精神控制受害者的心理成长工作,在西方国家被一些学者称为"脱教",这个过程是一个人心理成长的重要阶段。成长是人一生的课题,一个人的成长必须靠自身的觉醒和努力,拒绝成长单靠外界的压力,是很难实现成长的。因此,这是一项涉及许多方面、非常艰难的工作。家庭始终是帮助被破坏性膜拜团体精神控制者的最主要、最有力、最关键的力量,家庭也是他们摆脱精神控制之后的归宿,所以,家庭成员的态度和表达方式始终是影响他们的重要因素。帮助他们亲人之间重新建立沟通的渠道和桥梁就成为干预中首先面临的任务。我们总结出以下做法:不要过分紧张和指责、不要表示过多的不理解和疑问、不要企图通过摆事实讲道理的方式轻易地使对方"脱教"、寻找导致其参加破坏性膜拜团体的家庭因素、调整好家庭内部的社会心理气氛、尽快使家庭生活进入有序的良性状态、通过对过去美好生活的回忆促使其人格的回归、不可以迁就和过分关注、推动其尽快进入正常的生活。参加破坏性膜拜团体的成员摆脱精神控制回归社会生活是个艰难的过程,为了帮助他们成功地实现这个过程,我们在咨询过程中从摆脱破坏性膜拜团体"恐惧症"、学会面对被破坏性膜拜团体精神控制的经历、家庭支持有助于他们脱离理智化和割裂的思维模式。几个方面着重对家人提供辅导和帮助。更多还原

【Abstract】 Mental growth for mind-controlees of destructive cults was called by western scholars the "cult-breakaway" that is an important stage during one‘s mental growth.The growth is the task of one‘s whole life,which depends mainly on one‘s self awareness and efforts,without which,it is hard to complete under only certain outer pressures.Therefore,it is a complicated task involving in many aspects.Families,where the most important,powerful and vital strength to those controlees source from,turns out to be the real home for them after getting rid of mind control by cults,and family members‘ attitudes with their way of expressing will be factors of significance.Thus,it is of first importance to help to rebuild channels between the controlees and their families through psychointervention.We put up here some suggestions as follow:Don‘t be too nervous and critical;don‘t show the doubts and no-understanding in an excessive way;don‘t try to help in the deprogramming simply by setting forth facts and reasoning;find out the family factors that contribute to the believer‘s involvement in destructive cult;adjust the social psychological climate in the family;bring the family life into good order as quickly as possible;help restore the identity by recalling the old sweet life;push them back into the normal life as quickly as possible.It is a hard process to have those believers of the destructive cult back to the normal social life after getting out of the spiritual control.To help them through the process,we need to provide guidance and assistance to the family concerned duringthe consultation service:shake off the destructive cult phobia;face up with the history of the mind control by destructive cult;family supports the thought model that helps them out of the rationalization and splitting.更多还原