【作者】 郭孜政； 贾会宾； 李燕； 谭永刚；

【Author】 Zizheng Guo~(a,b) Huibin Jia~(a,d) Yan Li~b Yonggang Tan~b a.Institute of Psychology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,100101 b.School of Transportation and Logistics,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu,610031 c.Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior(CCNU),Ministry of Education, Wuhan,430079 d.Key Laboratory of Human Development and Mental Health of Hubei Province,School of Psychology,Central China Normal University,Wuhan,430079

【机构】 中国科学院心理研究所； 西南交通大学交通运输与物流学院； 华中师范大学青少年网络心理与行为教育部重点实验(华中师范大学)； 华中师范大学心理学院,人的发展与心理健康湖北省重点实验室；

【摘要】 本文就疲劳对多目标持续性注意的影响进行了实验研究。在该项研究中,被试被要求在完成一项持续性视觉追踪任务(即主任务)的同时对一随机出现的视觉刺激信号(即次任务)做出监测反应。整个实验耗时60分钟,记录了被试实验过程中EEG数据。实验开始前和实验结束后,均要求被试对其疲劳程度进行主观评估。对实验中采集的13名被试视觉信号检测任务的反应时、有效检测率、EEG数据进行了统计检验。统计结果发现:随着作业时间的延长,被试的主观疲劳感受分值和视觉检测任务的反应时均显著增加,同时对随机刺激信号的有效检测率显著下降。通过对实验前期(0-25分钟)与实验后期(35-60分钟)的视觉检测任务(即次任务)的ERP数据结果进行对比,发现在实验后期,次任务的目标刺激所诱发的P2、顶区P3两个成分的波幅均显著减小,但是额区N2成分的波幅则显著增大(即更负),此外额区N2、顶区P3两个成分的潜伏期均显著延长。上述研究结果表明,疲劳对视觉信息加工及早期视觉加工中自动化的刺激驱动注意影响的不大。但是另一方面,疲劳对一些较高级认知过程(比如次任务中视觉刺激的朝向定位、双任务情境下的认知控制或策略制定以及对刺激和情境的评估或分类)的影响性较大。在更疲劳的情况下,被试对视觉刺激的朝向定位只能分配更少的注意资源、对任务中反应策略的制定需要付出更多的认知加工资源,而对当前刺激情境的分类和评估的能力也受损。更多还原

【Abstract】 The present study examined how the fatigue impaired the sustained attention in a multi-objective attention task conditions,in which the subjects should execute a continuous tracking-task(the primary task) and a interval random signal detection task(the second task) for 60 minutes.During the experiment,EEG data was recorded.Before the experiment and After the experiment,they should fill out a questionnaire which measures their fatigue levels.In total,data from 13 participants(ie.,reaction time,effective detection rate to the stimuli of the secondary task and EEG) were analyzed.The results showed the scores of subjective fatigue symptoms and reaction time to the stimuli of the secondary task were significantly increased,and effective detection rate of the secondary task significantly decreased with time on task.Meanwhile, compared with the first period(0-25 minutes),in the last period(35-60 minutes)of task the amplitudes of P2 and parietal P3 elicited by the target stimuli were significantly decreased,but the frontal N2 amplitude was significantly increased(i.e.,more negative).Furthermore,the frontal N2 and parietal P3 latencies were significantly prolonged.These results indicate that the visual processing and automatically stimulus-driven attention in the early stage of visual stimuli processing are not impacted by fatigue in our dual-task condition.But on the other hand,some higher-level cognitive processes(e.g.,the automatic orienting of attention towards visual stimuli in the secondary task,the cognitive control or strategy making in dual-task experiment,and evaluate or categorize the stimulus and context) are injured by fatigue.If subjects felt more fatigued,they could provide less attentional resources to the attentional orienting of visual stimuli, pay more cognitive resources to the strategy making procedure and their ablity of evaluating or categorizing the stimulus and context was also injured.更多还原