【作者】 李海垒； 胡闲秋； 张文新；

【Author】 Li Hailei,Hu Xianqiu,Zhang Wenxin Shandong Normal University,Jinan,250014

【机构】 山东师范大学心理学院；

【摘要】 创业对一个国家的政治、经济和社会文化发展具有重要作用,当前越来越多的学者也开始关注创业研究。在创业研究中,探索创业意向是非常有价值的,对于了解创业活动的性质有重要作用。许多学者探讨了人格和创业意向之间的关系,但并没有得到一致的结果。此外,很少有学者考察文化对创业意向的影响。在大五人格理论的基础上,我们探讨了感知的创业文化、人格与创业意向之间的关系。采用大五人格问卷、感知的创业文化问卷和个体创业意向量表,测量了1219名本科大学生(579名男生和640名女生)。其专业涵盖理学、工学、农学、管理学和经济学,平均年龄为20.7±1.58岁。采用分层多元回归分析探讨了大五人格、感知的创业文化对创业意向的预测作用,以及感知的创业文化对大五人格和创业意向之间关系的调节作用。本研究的结果如下:开放性、责任心、外向性能积极预测创业意向;宜人性能消极预测创业意向;感知的创业文化能积极预测创业意向。感知的创业文化能调节人格(开放性、宜人性和神经质)和创业意向的关系。具体而言,对于感知的创业文化水平较低的本科生来讲,开放性、宜人性和神经质不能显著预测创业意向;对于感知的创业文化水平较高的本科生来讲,开放性能积极预测创业意向,宜人性和神经质能消极预测创业意向。本研究对实践的启示有:首先,创业辅导员和导师应注重大学生的人格特征;第二,政府部门、高校和其他非政府组织应该创造一个良好的创业文化氛围,以提升大学生的创业意向水平;第三,干预方案的设计应该从发展系统论的角度考虑。更多还原

【Abstract】 Because of the important role of enttepreneurship for a country’s politics,economics, and society,more and more scholars pay attention to enttepreneurship research.Exploring entrepreneurial intention is very valuable for understanding the nature of entrepreneurial activity. Many scholars explored the relations between personality and entrepreneurial intention,but they didn’t get the consistent results.In addition,few scholars investigated the effects of culture on entrepreneurial intention.Based on the theory of Big Five personality,we explored the relations among personality,perceived entrepreneurial culture,and entrepreneurial intention of undergraduates. Using NEO Five-Factor Inventory,Perceived Entrepreneurial Culture Questionnaire,and Individual Entrepreneurial Intention Scale,1219 undergraduates(579 boys and 640 girls) from 34 classrooms of 3 universities in Shandong Province of China were investigated.The mean age of participants whose majors covered science,engineering,agriculture,management,and economics was 20.7±1.58 years old.The predicting effects of big five personality and perceived entrepreneurial culture on entrepreneurial intention,and the moderating effects of perceived entrepreneurial culture on the relations between big five personality and entrepreneurial intention were analyzed by hierarchical multiple regression analyses. The results of the present study were as follows:Openness,conscientiousness,and extraversion predicted entrepreneurial intention positively;agreeableness predicted entrepreneurial intention negatively;perceived entrepreneurial culture predicted entrepreneurial intention positively. Perceived entrepreneurial culture moderated the relations between personality(openness, agreeableness,and neuroticism) and entrepreneurial intention.Specifically,as for undergraduates who perceived lower level of entrepreneurial culture,openness,agreeableness,and neuroticism didn’t predict entrepreneurial intention significantly;as for undergraduates who perceived higher level of entrepreneurial culture,openness predicted entrepreneurial intention positively,and agreeableness and neuroticism predicted entrepreneurial intention negatively. There are three practical implications of the present study:First,entrepreneurship counselors and trainers should pay attention to undergraduates’ personality;second,government departments, colleges or universities,and other non-government organizations should create a good atmosphere of entrepreneurial culture in order to enhance the level of entrepreneurial intention of undergraduates;third,intervention programs should be designed from the perspective of developmental system theory.更多还原