【作者】 郑凯婷； 迟毓凯；

【Author】 Kaiting Zheng~1,Yukai Chi~2 1 School of Psychology in SCNU,Guangzhou,510631 2 School of Psychology in SCNU,Guangzhou,510631,

【机构】 华南师范大学心理学院；

【摘要】 权力,意味着对资源的占有和控制。有些人把权力与自我利益相联系,权力会激活自我服务的目标(Chen,Lee-Chai,& Bargh,2001)。Rus,Knippenberg和Wisse(2010)对持有谋私利信念的被试进行高权力启动后发现,他们比低权力被试给自己分配了更多的分数(分数代表金钱)。Lindskold和Arnoff(1980)还发现,人们经常想利用其在社会交往上的权力,让自己在社会交往时获利。根据进化心理学的观点,具有良好生理吸引力或经济地位吸引力的适龄男女属于婚恋市场上的珍稀资源。Jose C.Yong和Norman P.Li(2012)发现,手头持有一大笔现金的被试对约会对象的标准显著提高。有理由推断,高权力者也会偏好条件更好的伴侣,提高对伴侣的标准。本研究关注:高权力者是否更加偏好条件优越的配偶?在婚恋不同卷入水平(约会对象、性伴侣、情侣以及婚姻伴侣),人们对配偶的生理维度、性格特质维度和社会经济地位维度的偏好是否也受权力的影响?两个实验探讨了以上问题。实验一采用权力回忆启动来引发被试的高低权力感,接着让被试填写一份择偶标准问卷;实验二采取虚假领导能力量表启动和想象启动,再通过择偶信息板来测量被试对择偶不同维度的关注。结果表明:1.权力的确可导致择偶综合标准的提升;2.在选择性伴侣时,高权力角色比低权力角色更看重相貌和身材,而在其他卷入水平,高低权力角色对相貌身材的要求并无差异;3.女性对伴侣性格的标准不受权力影响,而男性受权力驱使,会显著提升对约会对象和性伴侣的性格品质要求(对情侣和婚姻伴侣的要求不受影响)。更多还原

【Abstract】 Power,means occupation and control of resources.Somebody related power to self-interests,and researches revealed that power would motivate the goal of self-service(Chen, Lee-Chai,& Bargh,2001).Rus,Knippenberg and Wisse(2010) found high-power individual with belief of seeking personal gain would allocate more scores(which represented money) for themselves.Lindskold and Arnoff(1980) also found people often wanted to take advantage of power in social interaction to get private interests.According to Evolutionary Psychology, unmarried people with physical and socioeconomic attractiveness were rare resources in marriage market.Research of Jose C.Yong and Norman P.Li(2012) got the result that people with a large sum of money in hand would raise their minimum requirement for a date.We had solid reason to make a deduction that high-power individuals would prefer better mates and raise their requirement.This research focused on:Did high-power individuals prefer mates with better traits? Did power influence the requirement in physical,personality,socioeconomic dimensions? Two experiments probed into the questions above.Experiment One used recall task to initiate sense of high or low power,and then let the participants fill a questionnaire about mate preference. Experiment Two adopted fake leader capacity scale and imagination before assessing the preference of different dimensions of mates with information boards.The result indicate:Firstly, power could lead to an ascension of mate selecting standard.Secondly,high-power individuals attached much more importance to facial appearance and figure when choosing sexual partner than low-power ones did;but in other involvement level,requirement for facial appearance and figure did not affected by power.Thirdly,women in different power level did not differ in personality standard for mate,however,driven by power,men would raise the requirement for a date and sexual relationship.更多还原