【作者】 冯晓杭； 张丽波；

【Author】 FENG Xiao-hang (Psychology Department,Education Science School,Chang Chun Teaching University,Chang Chun, 130032)

【机构】 长春师范大学 教育科学学院心理系； 长春工业大学；

【摘要】 道德情绪是指个体在社会交往中根据一定价值标准评价自我或被他人评价时产生的情绪。由于其复杂性和丰富内涵,通常又被称为自我意识情绪,如羞耻、内疚、自豪、尴尬、移情等。这些情绪驱动个体产生道德行为,并能够影响个体道德行为发展与道德品格形成。对于3-6岁幼儿通过开展道德情绪的研究,可以为培养儿童形成良好的道德行为奠定基础,使其在内心形成良好的道德意识,让遵守道德成为一种行为的准则。本研究采用问卷调查法、观察法和访谈法,运用自编《3-6岁儿童行为观察记录表》和《教师访谈观察记录表》,对75名3至6岁儿童进行道德情绪行为观察,同时,对25名幼儿教师进行访谈。目的主要探讨学前儿童道德情绪的事件类型特点,及其具体的外显行为特征。研究结果发现:(1)3-6岁儿童体验的道德情绪频率由高到低的顺序主要有愉快、恐惧、愤怒、生气、自豪、羞耻、尴尬。(2)引发3-6岁儿童产生道德情绪事件类型主要有人际关系型事件(41%)、奖励或惩罚型事件(38%)、外部环境型事件(15%)、自我感受型事件(6%)。(3)外显的道德情绪行为指标主要有言语表达、肢体动作以及面部表情,不同的道德情绪有不同的行为指标。更多还原

【Abstract】 Moral emotion refers to a kind of emotion that it comes in social interactions based on a certain value or it results from the evaluation of self or others.It also refers to as self-conscious emotion due to its complexity and richness,such as shame,guilt,pride,embarrassment,empathy, etc.These emotions can drive the individual ethical behavior,and also can affect the behavior of individual moral development and moral character formation.The moral emotion’s study on 3-6 years children can lay the foundation for fostering the children form good moral behavior,so that they can form a good moral sense in their hearts,and guidelines for ethical behavior. This research studied through the questionnaire method,observation and interviews,by using the self-made tool of Child Observation Record Sheets and the Teacher Interview Observation Record Sheet,to study 3-6 years old Children’s moral behavior and interviewed with 25 kinder garden teachers.The main aim of the study is to discuss the main characteristics of children’s moral emotion and its specific explicit acts.Results showed:(1) by the study observed that 3-6 children experienced moral emotion in this order according to the frequency:pleasure,fear,shame, embarrassment,anger,angry,proud;(2) Main types of moral emotion vents are interpersonal relations event(41%),rewarding or punishing events(38%),the events in the external environment (15%),self-feelings-events(6%).(3) the explicit acts of moral emotion indicators are mainly verbal expression,body movements and facial expressions,and different indicators of moral emotions have different behaviors.更多还原