【作者】 田丽； 姜媛； 方平；

【Author】 Tian Li~1,Fang Ping~1,Jiang Yuan~2 1 Department of Psychology,School of Education,Capital Normal University,Beijing,100088 2 Division of Sport Psychology,Beijing Sport University,Beijing,100084

【机构】 首都师范大学教育学院心理学系； 北京体育大学运动心理学教研室；

【摘要】 有证据表明,女性可以更好的察觉自己或是他人的情绪。当刺激快速呈现的时候,女性在情绪觉察方面的优势会更加明显。情绪启动范式已经发展成为一种有效的实验方法,在本实验中,我们使用该范式检验阈下呈现的面部情绪刺激是否会对我们对接下来呈现的中性面部情绪的判断产生影响。本实验的目的在于检验基于负性及正性面部表情的情绪启动的性别效应。我们所使用的启动实验要求被试评价悲伤、快乐、中性以及无面孔这4种刺激,启动刺激呈现时长为33ms,并且在此之后会呈现中性面孔作为遮罩刺激,呈现时长为967ms。本实验共有61位被试(其中30位女性)参与。男、女两组被试在年龄、受教育程度、抑郁程度、视力(包括矫正视力)上没有区别。组间分析结果表明,与男性相比,女性对快乐面孔显示出更强的情绪启动。在自动加工水平上,女性似乎在觉察积极情绪以及对积极面部情绪产生反应方面,较之男性表现出了更强的能力。对全部男性样本进行配对T检验,表明在男性被试中不存在由于快乐或是悲伤面孔导致的效价一致性评价偏转。而女性被试的配对T检验表明,在女性被试中存在由于快乐面孔导致的效价一致性评价偏转。对微小社会情感信号的高敏感度可能导致了女性在理解他人情绪状态方面的优势。更多还原

【Abstract】 There is evidence that women are better in perceiving and recognizing their own and others’ emotions.When stimulated rapid presentation,the female advantage in emotion perceive and recognition becomes more apparent.Priming paradigm has developed into an effective experimental methods,in this experiment,we used the paradigm test that whether facial emotional stimuli which presented subliminal would impact the follow judgment of a neutral facial emotion which would show after the priming stimulate.The purpose of this experiment is to test the gender effects which based on the negative and positive emotional facial expressions.The priming experiment which we used asked subjects to recognize four kind of facial emotion stimulates including sadness,happiness,neutral,and the no facial expression.In our priming experiment sad, happy,neutral,or no facial expression was briefly presented.The duration of each expression is 33ms.Then it would be masked by a neutral face which duration is 967ms.Subjects had to evaluate the neutral face.61 young healthy volunteers(30 women) participated in the study. Women did not differ from men with regard to age,education,depressivity and visual acuity (including corrected visual acuity).Between-group analyses showed that,compare to men,the effect of affective priming is stronger in women group when the priming stimulate is happy face. Compared to men,women seem to have a greater ability to perceive and respond to positive expression at an automatic processing level.Paired two-sample t-tests calculated in the male sample show that there was no evidence for valence-congruent evaluative shifts due to masked happy or sad faces in men group.For women,there was evidence for valence-congruent evaluative shifts due to masked happy faces.High perceptual sensitivity to minimal social affective signals may explain that women’s advantage in understanding other persons’ emotional states.更多还原