【作者】 傅丽萍； 谢国秀；

【Author】 FU Liping~1,XIE Guoxiou~2 1.Psychology Department,School of Education,Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang,550001 2.Psychological Counseling Center,Zunyi Medical University,Zunyi,563003

【机构】 贵州师范大学教育科学学院； 遵义医学院大学生心理健康辅导中心；

【摘要】 情绪健康常常被视为个体身心健康的一个重要可视窗口,它是由积极情绪和消极情绪的主观体验所构建的一种平衡状态,可以测查和监控调节。当个体在生活中体验到的积极情绪明显多于消极情绪而占据优势时,该个体体验到更多的快乐,身心更健康。情绪常常建构于各种关系之中,同伴关系(包括与配偶及朋友的关系)在个体任何阶段的发展都起着重要作用,老年阶段也是如此。本研究采用自编老年人同伴关系问卷,积极情绪消极情绪问卷,情绪社会孤独问卷以及社会支持评定量表对406位60岁以上老年人的情绪健康状况、孤独体验、主观幸福感以及同伴关系发展特点和功能进行了调查,结果发现:1、老年人同伴关系总体得分处于正态分布,但老年人对于同伴关系发展期望较为消极,自评被拒斥性突出。老年人同伴关系在性别、年龄、婚姻自评、是否有配偶、居住地、文化程度、职业、家庭结构、健康自评、子女个数、家庭收入等变量上都表现出明显的差异性特点;2、老年人情绪健康状况总体上积极情绪占据主要优势地位;老年人的情绪健康状况在性别、年龄段、家庭经济收入、社会支持性以及居住地等变量上存在着显著差异。总体上经济收入好,社会地位高,有着良好社会支持关系的老年人情绪更加健康。男性老年人总体上主观幸福感高于女性老年人,其积极情绪显著高于女性老年人,而消极情感则显著低于女性老年人。随着年龄的增长,老年人积极情感减弱,消极情感和情绪孤独感增加;3、老年人情绪健康状况与其同伴关系发展有着密切关系,通过相关回归分析发现,良好的同伴关系是老年人情绪健康发展的重要预测因子。老年人同伴关系接受性维度可以解释其主观幸福感总变异的79.9%。老年人婚姻自评越好,配偶健在,有良好同伴关系的老年人积极情绪较高,消极情绪较低,总体的主观幸福感较好,其情绪孤独体验得分也较低。更多还原

【Abstract】 Emotional health is often considered as an important visible window of checking individual’s physical and mental health.It is a status of subjective experienced equilibrium between positive emotion and negative emotion,and it can be evaluated and monitored.When a person experienced more positive emotion than negative emotion,he/she got more happiness and became healthier.Emotions are often conceived in a variety of relationships,and peer relationship always plays a very important role in any developmental phases(including in old age) for a person. Some questionnaires such as positive-negative emotion inventory,emotional-social isolation and social supporting rating scale were employed for the 406 old people with over 60 years old,the features and functions of their emotional health,lonely experience,subjective well-being and peer relationship were investigated and analyzed.The results showed that: 1.The total score in peer relationship investigation for the elderly was in a normal distribution,but they showed more negative in their expectation for the development of peer relationships,and the score of rejection dimension in peer relationship was significantly high.There were significant differences for the elderly’s peer relationship in gender,age,marital self-assessment,with a spouse or not,residential place,educational level,occupation,family structure,self-rated health,number of children and socioeconomic status. 2.The overall emotional health status for the elderly,positive emotion played a major dominant position.There were significant difference for their emotional health in gender,age,family income,social support and residential place.In whole,the elderly with high family income,social status,and social support relationship experienced more healthy emotion.The score of SWB in the male old people was higher,namely,the male old people had more positive emotion and less negative than the female old people.However,positive emotion decreased and negative emotion and emotional loneliness increased for all of the elderly with age. 3.The emotional health status for the elderly was closely related to the development of their peer relationship.The findings of the regression analysis suggested that good peer relationship was an important predictor of emotional health for the elderly.The acceptance dimension of the peer relationship in the elderly could explain their 79.9%of total SWB variance.The elderly who have a good marriage,live with their spouse,or have good peer relationship experienced more positive emotion,less negative emotion,less emotional loneliness and had better SWB.更多还原