【作者】 杨瑾； 邓慧华；

【Author】 Jin Yang,Huihua Deng Research Center for Learning Science,Southeast University,Nanjing,China

【机构】 东南大学学习科学研究中心；

【摘要】 下丘脑—垂体—肾上腺(HPA)轴在人体的应激反应中发挥核心作用。长期滥用阿片类物质可造成大脑的功能与结构、脑细胞形态学和生物化学等一系列脑神经生物学的病理性改变。其中,损坏HPA轴功能,影响肾上腺皮质释放糖皮质激素(如皮质醇)的分泌,是吸毒人群产生各种心理、生理问题,以及戒断后复吸的主要原因。美沙酮是针对吸毒人群的最有效的维持治疗药物。服用美沙酮口服液可以有效地控制毒瘾24至36小时。美沙酮维持治疗(简称MMT)可有效改善吸毒者荷尔蒙紊乱状况,恢复HPA轴功能,调节皮质醇的分泌,减少戒断反应,最终改善吸毒人群各种心理问题,达到回归社会的目的。本研究以52名男性美沙酮维持治疗受治者为研究对象,分析该人群头发中皮质醇以及皮质酮的水平。选择社区中年龄、性别匹配的41名正常人群作为对照组,将美沙酮维持治疗受治者头发中皮质醇水平与对照组人群头发中皮质醇水平做对照研究。使用自我感知压力问卷(PSS),分析美沙酮维持治疗受治者慢性应激状态下的感知压力水平。探讨慢性应激状态的心理与生理指标之间的相关性。结果发现:(1)美沙酮维持受治者皮质醇水平以及皮质酮水平高于正常对照组,差异具有统计学意义。(2)两组人群的PSS水平具有显著差异,美沙酮维持治疗受治者高于正常人群。更多还原

【Abstract】 The hypothalamus - pituitary - adrenal(HPA) axis was a central role in the body’s stress response.It was generally accepted that ACTH and Cortisol release was inhibited by opioid agonists.Long-term opioid consumption had been shown to induce hypoadrenalism through impairment of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal(HPA) axis.This fact would explain a variety of mental and physiological problems,as well as some of the symptoms observed during protracted withdrawal.It had even been suggested that relapses in drug consumption may be related to the persistence of the HPA axis dysfunction. Methadone Maintenance tend to normalize many aspects of the hormonal disruptions found in compulsive heroin users.Methadone for heroin dependence relieved heroin withdrawal,attenuates the euphorigenic effects of continued heroin use,and,importantly,curbs heroin craving.This study investigated hair Cortisol levels and Perceived Stress Scale(PSS) in 52 Methadone Maintenance Treatment population,as well as 41 age and gender matched normal controls from the community.The results found that the hair Cortisol levels of Methadone Maintenance Treatment population was statistically significant higher than normal control group,moreover,PSS had significant differences,Methadone Maintenance Treatment population was higher than normal people.This study suggested that hair Cortisol was a apotential biomarker of chronic stress in Methadone Maintenance Treatment population.更多还原