【作者】 王琼； 郑红；

【Author】 Wang Qiong Zheng Hong Department of Psychology,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing,210097

【机构】 南京师范大学心理学院；

【摘要】 现有有关自我宽恕的界定往往缺乏人际问特征与个体内特征的整合。除此之外,本土化研究表明,中国社会是一个"自我主义"社会,相对于西方人的"独立型自我",中国人更偏向于"互倚型自我"。因此,整合自我宽恕的个体内特征和人际问特征是编制适用于中国大学生的自我宽恕倾向问卷的不可或缺的一部分。在前人有关自我宽恕界定的基础之上,弥补前人研究之不足,结合本土文化,提出自我宽恕倾向的涵义为:个体意识到自己的错事之后,对自身(个体内部)以及对他人(与他人关系)包含消极破坏和积极建设两方面的心理特征。根据此操作定义,编制开放性问卷,归类整理调查结果显示,自我宽恕倾向包含四方面内容:即积极关注自身、积极关注人际、消极关注自身、消极关注人际。从这四个方面编制38个项目作为初测问卷,对南京师范大学的300名本科生进行初测,形成正式问卷(包含19个项目)。采用正式问卷从南京师范大学、南京大学和河海大学三所高校随机抽取200名本科生进行正式施测。经过验证性因素分析得出,自我宽恕倾向包含四个维度即:积极关注自身、消极关注自身、积极关注人际和消极关注人际。该问卷的内部一致性系数为0.714,各维度的内部一致性系数分别为:0.777、0.683、0.637和0.625,信度良好。采用heartland宽恕问卷的自我宽恕问卷分量表作为效度量表,显示相关系数为0.743。效度良好。因此,该问卷的信效度均达到心理测量学上的要求,可以作为今后测量大学生自我宽恕倾向的工具。更多还原

【Abstract】 The definition of self-forgiveness exists now often lacks the integration of interpersonal and individual characteristics,and indigenous research shows that Chinese society is an "egoism" society,compared to Westerners’ "independent self,Chinese people are more inclined to "interdependent self’,therefore,the integration of both interpersonal and individual characteristics is necessary to compile the questionnaire of tendency to self-forgive which is applicable for Chinese college students.On the basis of predecessors’ research about the definition of self-forgiveness,aiming to make up the shortage of previous studies and combined with local culture,the definition of self-forgiveness used here is:one’s positive and negative psychological characteristics towards self and others after realizing his own wrong doings.According to this operational definition,an open-ended questionnaire was compiled,and the finding suggests that self-forgiveness includes four aspects,which are positively focus on oneself,positively focus on relationship,negatively focus on self and negatively focus on relationship.300 undergraduates in Nanjing Normal University were surveyed with the primary questionnaire which includes 38 items.The formal questionnaire which includes 19 items was compiled according to this result.200 undergraduates were randomly selected from Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing University and Hohai University to take the formal questionnaire.Through confirmatory factor analysis,four dimensions of self-forgiveness tendency are found:positively focus on self,negatively focus on self,positively focus on relationship and negatively focus on relationship.The internal consistency coefficient of the questionnaire is 0.714,the internal consistency coefficient of each dimension respectively is:0.777,0.683,0.637 and 0.777.It also has good validity.Both reliability and validity of this questionnaire has reached psychometrical criterion,so it can be used as a tool to measure college students’ tendency to self-forgiveness in the future.更多还原