【作者】 夏天生； 李慧； 莫雷； 王凌；

【Author】 Tiansheng Xia,Hui Li,Lei Mo,Ling Wang~* Center for Studies of Psychological Application & School of Psychology,South China Normal University,510631 Guangzhou,China

【机构】 华南师范大学心理学院；

【摘要】 先前研究表明认知控制除了受到顺序效应的调节之外,还受到练习效应、反应规则和比例一致效应的调节。本研究以Simon效应为例,探讨空间相关的练习任务、反应规则和比例一致效应造成的反转Simon效应是否存在共同的内在机制。实验1探讨空间相关的练习任务与反应规则对Simon任务的影响,其中实验1a要求被试练习600次不相容的空间任务(刺激在左,按右键,或者相反),实验1b设置实验组和控制组,分别进行900次相容或不相容的空间任务,之后完成一段Hedge和Marsh(1975)任务。实验2,要求被试完成三段Hedge和Marsh(1975)任务。结果表明,实验1和2中,被试表现出相似的模式,实验操作受到单纯练习效应的影响,也暗示空间相关的练习任务可能和反应规则激活共同的通路。实验3也采用Hedge和Marsh的范式,要求三组被试分别完成三种条件下的任务,三种条件中一致性试次在总试次中所占的比例分别为25%,50%,75%。结果表明,在高一致组,两种规则下均得到正的Simon效应;在中等一致组,相同规则下为Simon效应,不同规则下为反转Simon效应;在低一致组,两种规则下均得到反转的Simon效应,还发现反应规则与比例一致规则存在交互作用。这暗示了比例一致效应是一种选择策略,在当前任务中起到主要作用,反应规则调节反应编码和反应选择。更多还原

【Abstract】 Previous findings suggest that the Simon effect is reversed by a short-term association defined by location-relevant task,reaction rule and proportion congruent effect.Here we examine whether a common cognitive mechanism underlying three effects.In Experiment 1,we compared the performance of two group participants in the Hedge and Marsh task after practice with compatible or incompatible spatial mapping,respectively.In Experiment 2,we further manipulated participants complete three sessions of Hedge and Marsh task,to explore the interaction of the practice with spatial mapping and response rule.In Experiment 3,we compared the performance of three group participants in the Hedge and Marsh task in the context that proportions of incongruent trials were 25%,50%,75%,respectively.The results showed the two group participants performed the similar mode after practice with different spatial mapping,as well as it is similar as the performance after pure practice Hedge and Marsh task.It implies the two modulatory effect affect a common component-automatic activation.The results also showed in different conflict context,proportion congruent effect was dominate and separate from the effect of reaction effect.It implies the proportion congruent effect is optional strategy,which affects general cognition processing,and reaction rule modulates response recoding and response select.更多还原