【作者】 刘一； 韩世辉；

【Author】 Liu Yi Han Shihui Peking University,Beijing,100871,

【机构】 北京大学；

【摘要】 研究表明自我概念威胁与社会威胁可以调控自我面孔识别,并提出积极自我关联的社会认知机制解释自我优势效应。但生理上的人身威胁对自我优势的影响可能具有不同的作用机制。根据恐惧管理理论,当人身威胁突显出死亡信息时,人们倾向于降低自我关注来调控死亡恐惧。所以本研究引入人身威胁并试图区别积极自我关联,用另一种方式解释威胁对自我优势的降低作用。我们采用指向屏幕外的手枪作为与死亡相关的人身威胁启动刺激,在实验一中,我们发现在高威胁情况下,内隐面孔识别(判断面孔的朝向)中的自我优势消失。但这种威胁效应并没有在实验二中的外显面孔识别(判断面孔的身份)中表现出来,原因可能在于面孔身份判断的外显任务本身引起的自我觉察补偿了威胁刺激减小的自我觉察。这些结果说明了自我觉察可能是造成自我优势的内在原因。综上,我们证明了人身威胁可以影响自我面孔识别,并用一种基于自我关注和自我意识的基本认知机制解释了自我优势效应。更多还原

【Abstract】 Self-concept threat(SCT) and social threat modulating self-face recognition supported that self-advantage was due to positive association with self which concentrating on social cognitive mechanism.But physical threat may play a different role. People would avoid self-focus and self-awareness for terror management when physical threat makes mortality salient.So in current work,we introduced physical threat and try to reduce self-advantage in another way.Pictures of guns pointing outwards of the screen were used as physical threat associating with one’s death presented before face recognition tasks.In Experiment 1,we found self-advantage vanished in high-threat conditions in implicit face recognition which required subjects to judge the orientation of faces. But this effect was not found in explicit face owner identification task in Experiment 2 because self-awareness evoked by the task was likely to compensate the reduced part caused by threat.These results suggested that self-awareness might be the key factor contributing to self-advantage.Overall,we proved that physical threat would influence self-face recognition and explained self-advantage with a basic mechanism focusing on self-focus and self-awareness.更多还原