【作者】 王天乐； 闫巩固； 张学民； 李皓；

【Author】 Wang Tianle Yan Gonggu Zhang Xuemin Li Hao School of Psychology in Beijing Normal University,No.19 of Xinjiekouwai Street in Beijing,100875,

【机构】 北京师范大学心理学院；

【摘要】 记忆、空间认知、多目标动态信息加工等基本认知功能是影响考察人员能否在南极高寒、单调、孤立、封闭的极端环境下完成复杂任务的基础认知能力。本研究通过计算机记录反应时技术,追踪自度夏到越冬中期,中国南极第25次、第27次对队长城站越冬人员短时再认、记忆搜索、心理旋转、多目标动态信息追踪表现驻留时间延长发生的变化。结果表明:在本研究期间,随极地驻留时间延长,对于两个队次,队员短时记忆再认能力和记忆搜索能力没有显著变化;在25次队中,82%的队员的心理旋转速度略有提高;在多目标动态信息加工中,相对于非社会化信息,社会化信息加工受到的影响更小。研究提示,短时记忆、简单空间认知、动态信息追踪等基本能力在极地环境下保持稳定,未见明显损伤。本文研究结果对进一步研究极端环境下人类认知能力的特点有重要意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 The purpose of this study is to determine whether prolonged residence in Antarctica has a significant impact on team members’ cognitive performances.Test subjects include the 25^th and 27^th Chinese Antarctic expedition teams.Cognitive performances were measured by tests designed to evaluate short-term recognition,memory searching,spatial cognition,and multiple object tracking（MOT） were measured 3-4 times in from summer to mid-winter respectively.Data was analyzed using repeated-measure ANOVA.The results show that test subjects’ short-term memory and re-recognition ability remained stable,while 82%of the 25^th team members improved their spatial cognitive ability,and in MOT task,the tracking of social information was less affected than that of non-social information.Therefore,this discovery has significant importance in furthering cognitive study in extreme environment.更多还原