【作者】 李毕琴； 张明；

【Author】 Li Biqin Zhang Ming Department of Psychology,Northeast Normal University,5268 Renmin Street,Changchun,China,130024,

【机构】 东北师范大学心理系；

【摘要】 非随意注意新异干扰是指与任务无关的干扰信息发生变化时,对任务产生影响的现象。研究采用Oddball范式分别考察视听跨通道和听通道中非随意注意新异干扰的条件,比较了时间事件提示,时间提示和事件提示任务。实验1使用听觉刺激作为干扰项考察视觉数字奇偶判断任务中的新异干扰;实验2使用声音种类作为干扰项考察声音方位任务中的新异干扰。结果发现视听跨通道和听通道中,时间事件提示任务产生新异干扰效应,时间提示任务中新异干扰消失,事件提示任务中新异干扰仍存在;跨通道中新异干扰不受时间间隔变化的影响,但听通道中的新异干扰会受到影响。结果表明:(1)在偏差刺激的信息价值中,事件提示性是新异干扰产生的关键,这在跨通道和听通道都得到了证实。(2)跨通道和听通道下新异干扰的机制不同,即对变化刺激时间信息的自动探测系统存在着通道加工特异性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Sounds deviating from an otherwise repeated stream of task-irrelevant stimuli are known to capture involuntary attention and impact negatively on ongoing behavioral performance(behavioral oddball distraction).Using a cross-modal and pure auditory oddball task,we contrasted three conditions(informative condition;temporal condition and event condition).In experiment 1, participants are instructed to categorize a visual digit(4-9) as odd or even.The type of sound is not relevant for the task.In experiment 2,participants are instructed to discriminate the direction of sounds moving to the left or to the right.The type of sound is not relevant for the task.First of all,the results showed that temporal uncertainty does not eliminate distraction both in auditory and bimodality.Most critically,target’s 50%probability of occurrence causes the disappearance of deviant distraction.Secondly,deviant distraction effects differ in three equally probable time intervals,specifically in pure auditory task.The result suggests that target’s probability of occurrence is a potential important variable.Furthermore,comparing performance of temporal information condition in cross-modal and pure auditory oddball task,we found there is a modality specific in the distraction caused by unrelated-task and deviant distraction effect.更多还原