【作者】 刘文科；

【Author】 LIU Wen-ke;Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Key Laboratory of Energy Conservation and Waste Management of Agricultural Structures,Ministry of Agriculture;

【机构】 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所,农业部设施农业节能与废弃物处理重点实验室,中国农业科学院设施农业环境工程研究中心；

【摘要】 食用菌作为集营养与保健药用价值于一体的食品,安全卫生,在维持消费者健康,保障国家粮食安全方面具有重要意义,中国已经成为世界上最大的食用菌生产国和出口国。食用菌的生产种类多,目前存在企业生产规模小、技术落后、地区发展参差不齐等不足。食用菌工厂化生产是指在密闭可控环境下进行食用菌周年生产的模式,自动化水平高,生产效率高。由于食用菌生长发育的营养方式和环境条件需求与植物截然不同,需按照食用菌的生物学特性研发食用菌生产与调控技术。光照是食用菌子实体原基产生和子实体生长发育必要的环境条件,食用菌种类不同其对生长环境中光照条件(光质和光强)需求各异,传统电光源因光强光质固定不能满足食用菌工厂化生产光环境精准智能调控的技术要求。LED为半导体固态冷光源,具有光质纯、光效高、波长类型丰富、可按照农业生物需求调制光谱能量等突出优势,是食用菌工厂化生产光环境调控的理想设施。本文总结了食用菌光生物学的研究进展,阐述了LED光源在调控食用菌生长发育和营养品质形成中的作用、研究方向和应用前景。更多还原

【Abstract】 Edible fungi are nutritive and healthy food,which are helpful for keeping consumer in good health and guaranteeing national food security.China has become the biggest country for edible fungi production worldwide with many kinds of cultivation species.However,there are some problems for edible fungi production in China,including small scale,out-dated technology and development imbalance between regions.In past decade,the market demand of edible fungi increased annually.So,in order to improve the yield and nutritional quality of edible fungi,factory production technology is urgently needed.Factory production of edible fungi is referred to cultivate edible fungi under controllable closed facilities year-round.Edible fungi are different in nutrition pattern and environmental requirements with plants.Light is necessary environmental factor that is needed in formation of the fruiting body primordium and development of fruiting body.Various edible fungi posed different photobiological traits to light quality and light intensity.In fact,traditional electric sources can not afford to provide diverse and precise light environment for factory production of edible fungi.Light-Emitting Diode(LED),a kind of semiconductor light source,has many advantages over traditional electric light sources in light quality,light efficiency and spectral energy distribution.Nowadays,it is proposed that LED is ideal light source for factory production of edible fungi with the decline in LED price and enhancement of lighting emitting.In this paper,the advances in photobiology of edible fungi were summarized,and emphasized the application prospects of LED in factory production of edible fungi.更多还原