火力发电锅炉“四管”部件失效形式和机理概述

【作者】 高岩； 郑志军；

【机构】 华南理工大学材料科学与工程学院；

【摘要】 火力发电锅炉中,作为给水和蒸汽逐级加热的"四管"部件—省煤器管、水冷壁管、过热器管和再热器管,由于工作条件不同(包括温度、压力、介质环境的不同),用材不同,因此发生失效的类型也常常不同。本文对这四种部件的常见失效形式和失效机理进行了概述,特别是对于高温高压运行的过热器和再热器管的失效类型和机理给予了重点的分析,其中超超临界锅炉中新近开始应用的新型Super304H不锈钢出现的晶间腐蚀问题,本文给予了特别的关注,并就其成分设计和交货热处理工艺提出了慎重的思考。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the fossil fired boilers,the four kinds of tubes,namely economizer,waterwall tube,superheater and reheater,which serve to heat the water and steam step by step,fail normally in different mechanisms because of their different working conditions(temperatue, pressure and environment) and different manufacturing materials.This paper summarizes the failure types and mechanisms of these four kinds of tubes and key analysis is given to the superheater and reheater tubes which work at higher temperature and higher pressure.Special attention is paid to the intergranular corrosion susceptibility of a novel Super304H stainless steel which comes into use more recently in ultra supercritical fossil fired boilers and deliberative thinking is brought forward about this material concerning its composition design and delivery state heat-treatment technology.更多还原