【作者】 胡春宏； 陈绪坚； 陈建国；

【Author】 HU Chun-hong,CHEN Xu-jian,CHEN Jian-guo China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100044,China)

【机构】 中国水利水电科学研究院；

【摘要】 本文围绕黄河泥沙空间优化配置的理论与模型、潜力与能力、技术与模式、方案与评价等进行了系统的研究,建立了黄河泥沙空间优化配置的总体框架,确定了黄河泥沙配置的7种方式和10个配置单元,提出了配置总目标及技术与经济子目标,并建立了黄河泥沙空间优化配置数学模型;提出了未来黄河泥沙配置的4种模式及相应的基本配置方案,研究了黄河泥沙安置潜力与配置能力及经济投入,并计算了14个优化配置方案;提出了黄河泥沙配置综合评价方法,根据评价结果推荐了建议配置方案,建议配置方案的各种配置方式顺序和平均配置沙量比例分别为:水库拦沙量41.0%、河口造陆沙量18.0%、深海输沙量17.8%、引水引沙量10.4%、人工(机械)放淤沙量6.9%、河槽冲淤沙量3.8%、洪水淤滩沙量2.1%,其中,小浪底出库沙量占入黄沙量的49.5%,进入河口的沙量占小浪底出库沙量的74.5%,并提出了黄河各河段的配置沙量比例与顺序。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on the actuality of water and sediment resources utilization and the disasters of flood and sediment as well as the importance of optimal allocation in basin,the optimal allocation theory of water and sediment resources in basin was established,which includes the regime theory of riverbed evolution and the optimal co-allocation theory of water and sediment resources for multi-objectives.An optimal allocation mathematic model of water and sediment resources in basin was founded,which includes two secondary models of riverbed evolution in regime and optimal allocation for multi-objectives of water and sediment resources in basin.The mathematic model was applied to compute the regime sizes of channel sections and the critical optimal indexes of water and sediment transport in the lower Yellow River,and the measures for Xiaolangdi reservoir to improve the regulation of flow and sediment were presented,such as enhancing the variant flow and regulating the disadvantage sediment concentration of 60-100kg/m~3.The optimal allocation schemes of water and sediment resources were computed on various inflow conditions in the lower Yellow River,which offered an new idea to the scientific management and alteration of the lower Yellow River.更多还原