【作者】 王业宏； 高慧君； 张璇；

【Author】 Wang Yehong Gao Huijun Zhangxuan (Shandong Meteorological Observatory,Ji′nan 250031 China)

【机构】 山东省气象台；

【摘要】 以小于等于0℃地面最低温度作为霜冻指标,利用1961-2008年山东省67个气象监测站的逐日地面最低温度资料,采用气候诊断分析方法,分析了山东省初、终霜冻日期和无霜冻期的变化特征。结果表明,近48年来,山东省的初、终霜冻日期和无霜冻期的气候特征具有明显地域差异。初、终霜冻日期和无霜冻期的极差均为标准差的3倍以上,说明初、终霜冻日期和无霜冻期离散程度均较大。从线性变化趋势看,近48年,山东省平均初霜冻日期以1.99d/10a的气候倾向率推迟,终霜冻日期以1.46d/10a气候倾向率提早,初霜冻日期推迟幅度比终霜冻日期提早幅度大;无霜冻期以3.42d/10a的气候倾向率延长。从年代际变化来看,初霜冻日期20世纪90年代以后开始明显推迟,终霜冻日期20世纪90年代之后明显提早,无霜冻期是20世纪90年代开始明显延长。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on the frost index defined by the daily minimum surface temperatrure ≤0℃,and the method of climate diagnosis,the climatic features of the first/last frost dates and frost-free days changes are analyzed with 67 stations data of daily minimum surface temperatrue in Shandong Province from 1961 to 2008.Results show that the climate characteristics of the first/last frost dates and the frost-free days have significant regional defference.The extreme defference of the first\last frost dates and the frost-free days is three times of their standard deviation,this indicates the dispersion defference of the first/last dates and the frost-free days are large.It can be seen from the linear change trend that the first frost date has 1.99d/10a delay and the last frost date is 1.46d/10a ahead of time,the frost-free days prolong 3.42d/10a over the past 48 years.From the climate trend it can be found that the range of the ahead last frost dates is more than that of the delayed first frost dates,which implies that the main casuse of the prolonged frost-free days is the delay of the first frost dates.The first frost dates obviously delay since 1990s.the last frost dates is obviously ahead of time and the frost-free days obviously prolong since in the middle of 1990s.更多还原