【作者】 王子谦； 段安民； 郑永骏；

【Author】 Wang Ziqian Duan Anmin Zheng yongjun LASG,Institute of Atmospheric Physics,Chinese Academy of Science,Beijing 100029

【机构】 中国科学院大气物理研究所L1SG；

【摘要】 利用全球/区域同化与预报系统GRAPES(Global/Regional Assimilation and Prediction System)和改进了的Mellor-Yamada型海洋混合层模式OMLM(Ocean Mixed Layer Model),建立了一个新的中尺度海气耦合模式GRAPES_OMLM,并利用该模式对发生于南海的Chanchu台风(0601)进行模拟研究,检验GRAPES_OMLM对台风模拟性能的同时,分析了局地海气相互作用对台风的影响。结果表明,GRAPES_OMLM基本能模拟出台风天气过程中的主要物理过程。考虑了海气相互作用的耦合试验模拟的台风强度、近台风中心最大风速以及台风后期移动路径相对于两组控制试验(单独大气模式)的模拟结果都有较大的改进。而且采用逐日变化海表温度作为下边界条件的控制试验二的模拟结果相对于SST不变的控制试验一也相对更接近观测。耦合模式GRAPES_OMLM能较好地模拟出台风过境海表温度SST的变化,台风Chanchu在其路径右侧有超过4.0°C的降温。SST的变化和海表风应力的变化呈反相关系,风应力的增大伴随着海洋近表层TKE(Turbulent kinetic energy)的加强,大风动力作用是SST降低的主要原因。SST降低通过减少海洋向台风输送的热通量来削弱台风的强度以及改变台风环流结构,同时通过改变PVT(Potential Vorticity Tendency)的一波结构来影响台风的移动路径。1更多还原

【Abstract】 A new mesoscale coupled air-sea model was developed based on the Global/Regional Assimilation and Prediction System（GRAPES） and the improved Mellor-Yamada type Ocean Mixed Layer Model（OMLM）.Using this GRAPES_OMLM model,typhoon Chanchu（0601） was simulated to test the ability of GRAPES_OMLM in typhoon research and investigate the impact of local air-sea interaction on typhoon.The results show that GRAPES_OMLM can catch the main physical process of the typhoon weather.The simulated minimum surface pressure,maximum wind near the typhoon center and the typhoon’s track in the coupled model where the air-sea interaction is included are better consistent with observation than that in the uncoupled model.And comparing to Ctrl₁ with unchanged SST condition,the results of Ctrl₂ in which daily mean SST is adopted also have a bit improvement.The SST simulated in the coupled model is also very close to the observation,and the maximum SST cooling is more than 4.0 °C,which is at the right of Chanchu’s track.There is an inverse relationship between the change of SST and surface wind stress,the increasing of wind stress will induce TKE’s rise,and wind-inducing mixing is a main reason for the SST cooling.Moreover,SST cooling can weaken the typhoon’s intensity and change the typhoon’s circulation structure through reducing the heat flux from the ocean,and change the WN-1 structure of PVT（Potential Vorticity Tendency） which affects the typhoon’s track.更多还原