【作者】 赵宗慈； 罗勇； 江滢；

【Author】 Zhao Zongci12,Luo Yong12 and Jiang Ying3 (1 National Climate Center/China Meteorological Administration,Beijing 100081;2 Center for Earth System Science/Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084;3 Center for Public Meteorological Service/China Meteorological Administration,Beijing 100081)

【机构】 清华大学地球系统科学研究中心； 中国气象局国家气候中心； 中国气象局公共气象服务中心；

【摘要】 本文综述国际评估风电场对局地和全球气候变化的短期和较长期的可能影响,并且将其影响与人类排放的影响做简单的对比。大量观测和数值模拟研究表明,风电场的运行明显减小下游风速,同时随局地近地层稳定度的不同也造成下游温度明显增暖或降冷。一些数值模拟研究表明,如果全球建立大量大型风电场,这些风电场的运行将可能使全球变暖,但其变暖程度小于人类排放温室气体的增暖效应。模拟还表明,全球大型风电场运行可能造成风速减小。目前风电场对全球气候影响的研究具有较大的不确定性,需要进行更多和更深入的分析研究。更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper summarizes and assesses the possible impacts of wind farms on both short-and long-terms climate changes in both global and regional areas.Based on most observed studies and numerical simulations,it is found that the wind speeds in the downwind regions of wind farms reduced obviously due to the wind farms’ operations.The temperature in the downwind regions became warmer or cooler than the upwind regions.It depended on the atmospheric stability in the near surface.Based on some numerical simulations,if many large wind farms are designed and set up in the world,it might cause a global warming by 0.05～0.73℃.The wind speeds might reduce.It might also cause other climate changes.But the warming caused by the wind farms much less than the anthropogenic greenhouse effects.The brief comparisons between wind farm effects and anthropogenic emission effects have been provided at the last section.Up to now,there are large gaps and uncertainties in this field of impacts of wind farms on the global climate change.The deep and elaborate studies should be conducted in future.更多还原