【作者】 吉春容； 邹陈； 范子昂； 李新建； 袁玉江；

【Author】 JI Chun-rong, ZOU Chen, FANG Zi-ang, LI Xin-jian*, YUAN Yu-jiang (Institute of Desert Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration; Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Tree-ring Ecology; Key Laboratory of Tree-ring Physical and Chemical Research of China Meteorological Administration, Urumqi Xinjiang 830002, China)

【机构】 中国气象局乌鲁木齐沙漠气象研究所； 新疆维吾尔自治区树木年轮生态重点实验室； 中国气象局树木年轮理化研究重点开放实验室；

【摘要】 森林的生长发育需要一定的气候条件,光、热、水、气等气象要素直接影响森林类型的分布规律和生产力。同时,森林改变了下垫面的物理特征,直接影响大气组成、辐射平衡、水热平衡和湍流通量等,对局部气候产生重要影响,形成特有的小气候特征。雪岭云杉是构成天山山地森林生态系统的主体,对天山涵养水源、保持水土和林区森林生态系统的形成和维护,新疆绿洲生态平衡的维持以及经济、社会的可持续发展等方面发挥着极为重要的作用[4]。目前,国内外针对天山雪岭云杉森林与气候的研究多是利用树木年轮资料提取并重建影响雪岭云杉生长的历史气候包括温度、降水等变化信息。本文利用天山雪岭云杉林区连续气象观测资料,初步分析了林内外冬、春季小气候特征的变化规律。结果表明,天山雪岭云杉林对小气候特征存在明显影响,冬、春季林内平均气温、地表温度相对林外均明显偏低,相对湿度均显著大于林外;林内同林外比,冬季、春季气温偏低分别在1.3-1.7℃、0.5-1.2℃之间,且林内气温日较差和相对湿度变化幅度明显低于林外。林内风速小,日变化不明显,静风的频率最大;冬、春季林内平均风速分别为1.96m/s、2.47m/s,而林内分别为0.23m/s、0.31m/s。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on the meteorological information of forest microclimate at different altitudes in the middle area of Tianshan Mountain, the microclimatic characteristics of Picea Schrenkiana were analyzed and compared between inside and outside forest area during the winter and spring. The main results showed that the average air temperature and soil temperature inside forest were lower than outside forest obviously, and the relative humidity was higher significantly. Comparing with outside forest area, the air temperature of inside forest was lower from 1.3℃ to 1.7℃ during the winter and from 0.5℃ to 1.2℃ during the spring. The mean diurnal range of air temperature and relative humidity inside forest were lower than outside forest. The wind speed of inside forest was lower than outside forest. There was no obvious diurnal change of wind speed, and the wind was more in static state inside forest. The average wind speed of inside area was 1.96 m/s during the winter and 2.47m/s during the spring, and the outside area were 0.23m/s, 0.31m/s respectively. The influence of Picea Schrenkiana forest on the microclimate factor was obvious.更多还原