【作者】 高威； 王远玲； 刘晓成； 陶晓婷； 苏建权； 徐杏； 陆建飞； 庄恒扬；

【Author】 GAO Wei 1 , WANG Yuan-ling 1 , LIU Xiao-cheng 2 , TAO Xiao-ting 1 , SU Jian-quan 3 , XU Xing 1 , LU Jian-fei 1 , ZHUANG Heng-yang 1* (1. Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; 2. Shanghai Farm of Bright Food(Group)CO.LTD, Dafeng 224151, China; 3.Jiangsu Dazhong Farm CO.Ltd, Dafeng 224151, China)

【机构】 扬州大学农学院江苏省作物遗传生理国家重点实验室培育点； 上海市上海农场； 江苏大中农场集团有限公司；

【摘要】 规模化养猪场污水在农田特别是在农场经营条件下应用的技术缺少系统研究,本研究在田间小区试验的条件下,以粳稻"淮稻5号"为供试材料,就规模化养猪场处理污水作为肥源替代化肥施用对其主要生育期中微量元素及重金属元素含量的影响作了初步的探讨,为规模化养猪场农田种植循环农业模式应用提供技术支持。本试验所用污水为养猪场粪尿和冲洗废水经过六个月的充分发酵。各处理在基施不同量养猪污水的基础上,穗期施用不同量养猪污水,同时大量减少化肥的施用。结果表明:猪粪水替代部分化肥与氮肥配施对于水稻各生育期植株及籽粒中主要的中微量元素及重金属元素均有不同程度的影响。各主要生育期的植株和籽粒中均未发现有镉元素的存在;Cu,Zn,Pb,Fe,Na,Mg和Ca于各生育期在基施猪粪水量相同的情况下,均随着穗期猪粪水施用量的增加而增加。与当地习惯施肥相比,猪粪水作基肥和穗肥,稻米中Cu、Pb含量没有显著变化,但强化水稻植株和籽粒中Zn,Fe,Na,Mg和Ca营养,特别是Fe和Ca的含量,明显提升了稻米营养品质。而且基肥和穗肥用猪粪水代替化学肥料,不仅减少了环境污染的风险,而且也显著降低了水稻生产成本。因此,与常规施肥处理相比,猪粪水替代化肥能够提高水稻籽粒中的有益元素含量且并未引起重金属元素的显著上升。更多还原

【Abstract】 As pig slurry utilization in farmlands lacked systematic research, a field experiment was conducted to study pig slurry effect on medium&trace element and heavy metals of rice. The results of the study could provide the scientific basis for efficient rice production that supported large-scale pig farming. The pig slurry used in the experiment contained 1 000 mg·L -1 of total nitrogen, 540 mg·L -1 of available nitrogen and 779 mg·L -1 .In the present study,various amounts of pig slurry was applied to paddy field in heading on the basis of different amounts of pig slurry as base fertilizer, meanwhile, the chemical fertilizer has decreased greatly. The results showed that application of pig slurry and fertilizers N would affect primary medium&trace element and heavy metals of plants and grain in each growing period of rice.There are not Cd of plants and grain in each growing period at all. Cu, Zn, Pb, Fe, Na, Mg and Ca increased with increased of pig slurry in heading stage on the basis of identical pig slurry as base fertilizer. The pig slurry as basal fertilizer and the panicle fertilizer could enhance Cu, Zn, Pb, Fe, Na, Mg and Ca contents, especially Fe and Ca contents, which could improve the nutritional quality, but no significant changes in Cu and Pb contents in rice seeds were obtained in compare to the customarily local fertilization. The cost of rice production and exposure of environmental pollution were obviously low for biogas slurry as basal fertilizer and panicle fertilizer. And the experiment results also showed that only biogas slurry application on rice production no significant differnce was observed in compare to the customarily local fertilization on Cu, Zn, Pb, Fe, Na, Mg and Ca. It seemed that pig slurry partially substitute ferlitizer could improve the beneficial elements contents but could not lead to rise the heavy metals.更多还原