【作者】 张爱平； 刘汝亮； 惠锦卓； 杨世琦； 杨正礼； 张晴雯；

【Author】 ZHANG Ai-ping 1 , LIU Ru-liang 2 , Xi jinzhuo 1 , YANG Shi-qi 1 , YANG Zheng-li 1* , ZHANG Qing-wen 1* (1. Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture CAAS, Beijing 100081, China;2.Ningxia Agriculture and Forest Academy, Yinchuan 750002, China)

【机构】 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所； 宁夏农林科学院；

【摘要】 研究了宁夏黄灌区稻田退水量的主要控制因素和作用变量,结果表明:灌区稻田退水量主要受灌溉量和地下水位的影响,与二者的相关系数分别为0.88和-0.61,受降雨量和蒸散量的影响较小,相关系数分别为0.29和0.38。在水稻生育期内控制灌溉量可以显著降低退水量,在优化灌溉量节水20%(W1)和节水40%(W2)以及传统灌溉量(W3)三个处理下退水量的差异达到极显著水平(P<0.05),退水量分别占相应灌溉量的38%、35%和30%;传统灌溉量下退水量分别是优化灌溉处理的1.46和2.19倍。在水稻的整个生育过程中,农田退水主要发生在抽穗开花前,此阶段的退水量占退水总量的80%左右,所以,水稻抽穗开花前是调控宁夏黄灌区稻田退水量的关键期。最后利用统计方法建立了稻田退水量与其影响因素的多元回归模型。更多还原

【Abstract】 This study was carried out on the patterns of return flow from the farmland during rice growing season at WuZhong National Science and Technology Park in Ningxia irrigation region. The composition of agricultural return flow and its factors were analyzed. Results indicated that the quantities of agricultural return flow are mainly affected by the amount of irrigation and groundwater level, with the corresponding correlation coefficient being 0.88 and -0.61, respectively. The impact of the amounts of precipitation and evapotranspiration was relatively little. Reducing irrigation during rice growth period obviously decreased agricultural return flow quantity. The volume of return flow was significantly different among the three irrigation levels, accounting for 38%, 35% and 30% of the irrigation amount, respectively. The volume of return flow of traditional irrigation treatment was 1.46 times and 2.19 times of the W1 and W2. Return flow mainly occurred before tassel during the whole growth period of rice accounting for 80% of the total return flow volume. This is the appropriate time to modulate the agricultural return flow. Based on the rather obvious relation between the return flow volume and its factors, a multivariate regression model was built.更多还原