【作者】 李平； 齐学斌； 樊向阳； 樊涛； 赵志娟； 赵现方； 庞鸿宾；

【Author】 LI Ping1,2,QI Xue-bin1,2,3,FAN Xiang-yang1,2,3,FAN Tao1,3,ZHAO Zhi-juan1,3,ZHAO Xian-fang4,PANG Hong-bin1(1.Farmland irrigation research institute of CAAS;2 Agriculture water and soil environmental field science research station of Xinxiang city Henan province of CAAS;3 Key laboratory of high-efficient and safe utilization of agriculture water resources of CAAS,Henan province Xinxiang city,453003;4 Sch.of life sci.& technol.,Henan inst.of sci.and technol.,Henan province Xinxiang city,453003)

【机构】 中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所； 中国农业科学院河南新乡农业水土环境野外科学观测试验站； 中国农业科学院农业水资源高效安全利用重点开放实验室； 河南科技学院生命科技学院；

【摘要】 分根区交替灌溉已被证实是一种有效节水灌溉技术同时保持作物产量,但有关再生水分根区交替灌溉提高作物氮素利用效率、降低对水土环境的影响、对作物品质影响还不是很清楚。为了探明再生水分根区交替灌溉(APRI)对马铃薯水氮利用效率、土壤病原微生物及马铃薯块茎病原微生物分布的影响,通过田间小区试验,对各处理马铃薯全生育期灌水量、土壤氮素残留、土壤及马铃薯病原微生物含量及水氮利用效率进行了对比分析。研究结果表明:收获后,APRI处理与充分灌水处理产量差异不大,但APRI处理灌溉水利用效率显著高于充分灌水处理(p=0.05);APRI处理作物氮利用效率及农田氮利用效率显著高于充分灌水处理(p=0.05);因此,APRI处理不仅能够显著提高作物的水分利用效率,而且APRI处理显著提高土壤矿质氮的活性有利于作物对土壤氮素的吸收利用。同时,APRI处理土壤、马铃薯块茎表皮及组织内部大肠菌群含量显著低于充分灌水处理,特别是再生水加氯处理,土壤、马铃薯块茎表皮和组织内部大肠菌群含量显著低于其他灌水处理,这也就表明,采用再生水灌溉,增加消毒前处理,可大大降低蔬菜类食物病原菌污染风险。更多还原

【Abstract】 Alternate partial root-zone irrigation(APRI) has been established as an efficient technology to save water without scarifying crops yield,but its effectiveness in saving nutrient and hence reducing the impact on soil and water environment,the impact on quality of crop with reclaimed water irrigation were less understood.In this paper we present a field experimental result to demonstrate that it can not only save water but also nitrogen by alternately keeping half of the potato roots in a relatively dry condition.The experiment used second-stage treated wastewater with and without addition of chloride,and both subsurface drip and furrow irrigations were investigated.The results indicated that in comparison with the traditional irrigation method that kept soil water at 90% of the field capacity,alternately keeping half of the roots dry in both subsurface-drip and furrow APRI significantly saved water.In particular,it indicated that the drip APRI with chlorinated and non-chlorinated water improved water use efficiency by 21.48% and 39.1%,respectively,and 44.1% in the furrow APRI.Because of using less water,the APRI also improved nitrogen use efficiency.The measurements of plant nitrogen use efficiency and agronomy nitrogen use efficiency after the harvest revealed that the plant nitrogen use efficiency increased by 0.36%,18.29% and 15.15% under drip APRI with chlorinated water,drip APRI with non-chlorinated water and furrow APRI respectively.Similarly,for the agronomy nitrogen use efficiency,these increases to 2.88%,17.90% and 22.13%,indicating a significant improve in nitrogen activity when irrigated using APRI.Moreover,the content of coliforms after the harvest appeared that the soil,potato tuber epidermis,inner under drip APRI with chlorinated water,drip APRI with non-chlorinated water and furrow APRI had significantly less than drip FI with chlorinated water,drip FI with non-chlorinated water and furrow irrigation.In particular,the content of coliforms after the harvest appeared that the soil,potato tuber epidermis,inner under drip with chlorinated water,had significantly less than drip and furrow irrigation,indicating a significant decrease in pathogen risk when irrigated reclaimed water with chlorinated pretreatment.更多还原