【作者】 阮丽； 信秀丽； 张佳宝； 程宪国；

【Author】 RUAN Li1,2,XIN Xiu-li1,ZHANG Jia-bao1*,CHENG Xian-guo3(1.State Experimental Station of Agro-Ecosystem in Fengqiu,State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture,Institute of Soil Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences;Nanjing 210008,China;2.Graduate School;Beijing 100049,China;3.Institute of Agriculture Resources and Regional Planning,Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences,Beijing 100081,China)

【机构】 中国科学院南京土壤研究所,土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室,封丘农田生态系统国家试验站； 中国科学院研究生院； 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所；

【摘要】 随着农业生产对地力的掠夺,土壤钾素匮乏日趋严重。本文通过根箱试验,对比研究转基因小麦和野生型小麦对土壤钾的吸收利用、形态转化与迁移及土壤酶活性的不同影响,探讨转基因技术对提高小麦钾素的吸收和利用效率的潜力。研究结果表明,在不同钾水平条件和不同生长时期,转基因小麦根际土壤速效钾与野生型小麦均呈现出不同的特征;二者的非根际土壤速效钾也呈现出不同的变化趋势。两种小麦根际土壤过氧化氢酶活性与根际速效钾含量呈现显著负相关,并且野生型小麦根际土壤过氧化氢酶活性对根际速效钾含量的变化更为敏感。转基因小麦根际和非根际土壤脲酶活性均高于野生型小麦。转基因小麦地上部钾含量、钾生物利用指数、根系阳离子交换量均高于同钾水平下的野生型小麦。因此,转基因技术提高了小麦的钾素吸收能力和利用效率,为解决我国农业生产中缺钾问题的提供参考依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 As soil nutrition being robbed by agriculture,soil potassium deficiency is becoming more and more serious.We investigated the differences between wild wheat and transgenic wheat in potassium absorption and utilization,potassium forms transformation and transportation,soil enzyme activities,to research into the potential of transgenic technology for promoting wheat potassium absorption and utilization.The results indicate that rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils of transgenic wheat are quite different from wild wheat’s in different K leaves and growth period.Rhizosphere soil catalase activity and contents of available K have a significant negative correlation.What’s more,catalase activity of wild wheat is more sensitive to contents of available K.Soil urease activity of transgenic wheat is higher than that of wild wheat.Shoot K content,KUI and CEC of roots in transgenic wheat are higher than that in wild wheat in the same K level.Therefore transgenic technology improved the potassium absorption and utilization of wheat,it can be used to solve the potassium shortage in agriculture.更多还原