【作者】 杨春霞； 赵志平； 杨丽萍； 黎小清；

【Author】 YANG Chun-xia*,ZHAO Zhi-ping,YANG Li-ping,LI Xiao-qing(Yunnan Institute of Tropical Crop,Jinghong,Yunnan 666100,China)

【机构】 云南省热带作物科学研究所；

【摘要】 为筛选能有效改良云南开割橡胶园土壤肥力的覆盖绿肥,研究了10种豆科绿肥的养分特性与积累量,探讨了不同豆科绿肥覆盖对橡胶园土壤理化性质的影响作用。结果表明,10种供试豆科绿肥均为富含N、K的有机绿肥。灌木、亚灌木绿肥的干物质积累量高于草本和藤本绿肥,草本和藤本绿肥的氮、磷、钾含量则高于灌木、亚灌木绿肥。为取得最佳的覆盖效果,筛选绿肥时应考虑灌木、亚灌木与草本、藤本相结合。绿肥覆盖后胶园土壤有机质、速效磷、速效钾较对照均有不同程度的提高,但差异不显著;土壤全氮、碱解氮含量和pH值变化不明显。综合比较10种绿肥的养分特性、对土壤理化性状的影响,结合田间观测结果,初步筛选出距瓣豆、卵叶山蚂蝗、白花灰叶豆3种绿肥对云南山地胶园土壤肥力有一定的提升和维持作用,为云南开割胶园覆盖绿肥的筛选奠定了基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 A field experiment was conducted to screen mulch green manure that can effectively improve soil fertility in Yunnan tapped rubber plantation.These were discussed that nutrients property and accumulation of 10 kinds of leguminous green manure content and its influences on soil physical and chemical property in Yunnan rubber plantation.The results show that the 10 kinds of green manure are rich in N,K.Dry matter accumulation quantity of bush is higher than herbage and vine.Nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium content of herbage and vine are higher than the shrubs and bushes.To achieve the best mulching effect,bush,vine and herbs should be combined when screening mulch green manure.Soil organic matter,available P,available potassium contents are improved to varying degrees after green manure mulched,but no significant difference.But Soil total nitrogen,available nitrogen content and pH value does not change significantly.Comprehensive comparing nutrient characteristics and its influence on soil physical and chemical property of these green manures,combined with the field observation results,Centrosema pubescens Benth,Desmodium ovalifolium,Tephrosia candida DC have certain ascension and maintain function to soil fertility.Results are help to screen mulch greenmanure suitable for Yunnan tapped rubber plantation.更多还原