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不同耕作方式下稻田土壤CH₄和CO₂的排放及碳收支估算

CH₄ and CO₂ Emissions from Paddy Soils and Assessment of Carbon Budget in Different Tillage Systems

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【Author】 LI Cheng-fang,CAO Cou-gui,WANG Jin-ping,ZHAI Zhong-bing,MEI Shao-hua (1.Key Laboratory of Huazhong Crop Physiology,Ecology and Production,Ministry of Agriculture,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China; 2.College of Plant Science and Technology,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China; 3.Extend Service Center of Agricultural Technology,Dafashi Town in Wuxue,Huanggang 435404,China; 4.Agricultural Bureau of Wuxue City in Hubei Privince,Huanggang 436300,China)

【机构】农业部华中作物生理生态与栽培重点开放实验室华中农业大学；华中农业大学植物科技学院；湖北省武穴市大法寺镇农业技术推广服务中心；湖北省武穴市农业局；

【摘要】二氧化碳(CO2)和甲烷(CH4)是重要的温室气体,研究免耕稻田CO2和CH4排放有助于评价稻田免耕技术对全球气候变化及碳循环的影响。本文通过运用静态箱技术和田间原位碱液吸收法研究了免耕稻田土壤CO2和CH4的排放规律和排放量,及其稻田碳(C)的收支状况。研究表明,施肥提高了CH4排放,而不影响CO2的排放;免耕显著影响稻田CH4排放,而CO2的排放不受耕作影响。对稻田C收支及平衡的分析表明,施肥提高了稻田系统C的输入,同时,相对于翻耕处理,免耕处理表现为大气C的"汇",表明了稻田免耕能将更多的碳累积于农田土壤碳库中,有利于提高稻田生态系统在减缓气温上升过程中所发挥的作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and methane (CH 4 ) both are important greenhouse gases. It is valuable for investigating CH 4 and CO 2 emissions from paddy soils to assess effects of no-tillage on global climate change and C budget. Field experiments were conducted to study CH 4 and CO 2 emissions from paddy soils and to assess C budget in different rice tillage systems. The four treatments were no-tillage + no fertilizer,conventional tillage + no fertilizer,no-tillage + compound fertilizer and conventional tillage + compound fertilizer in rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivation. Fertilization enhanced CH 4 emissions but did not affect CO 2 emissions. No-tillage significantly decreased CH 4 emissions from rice fields but did not affect CO 2 emissions relative to tilled practice. Analysis of C budget in different rice tillage systems showed that fertilization increased input of C in rice systems; moreover,no-tillage rice fields acted as C sink compared with tilled rice fields,suggesting that application of no-tillage in rice fields could lead to C sequestration in paddy soils,and thus will contribute to alleviating global warming.更多还原