【作者】 杨自栋； 杜瑞成； 蔡善儒； 耿端阳； 张国海；

【Author】 Yang Zidong,Du ruicheng,Cai Shanru,Geng Duanyang,Zhang Guohai(School of Agriculture and Food Engineering,Shandong University of Technology,Zibo 255049)

【机构】 山东理工大学农业工程与食品科学学院；

【摘要】 针对山东省小麦玉米一年两作轮作区的农艺特点,以及小麦收获后秸秆覆盖量大、免耕播种玉米时容易产生堵塞等问题,研制了2BMFY-4型智能玉米免耕播种机。设计了苗带浅耕动力防壅堵结构,有效地防止了小麦秸秆在排肥开沟器耧腿上的堆积;采用垂直勺盘式排种器与凿铲式开沟器相结合的形式,有效地降低了排种高度并提高了播种精度;设计了株距调节变速器,使播种机可以方便地适应多种种植密度及不同玉米种子亩株数的要求。根据田间作业质量监控的需要,设计了具有视频监测功能的种、肥作业智能计量监测系统。在章丘、张店、周村的播种试验结果表明,动力防堵单体解决了相邻两组播肥耧腿的壅堵问题,通过性良好,播种深度变异系数分别为17.2%、18.6%,株距合格率为93.3%,监测仪计数精度96%,提高了播种质量;一次作业可同时完成秸秆粉碎、开沟、施肥、播种、镇压等多道工序,作业费用降低了30%左右;作业时刀轴上甩刀入土浅,动土量为20%,土壤扰动小。更多还原

【Abstract】 Base on character of agronomic with maize-wheat rotation a year in Shandong province,a new-concep t of no-till wheat-maize planter,named 2BMYF-4 intelligentized no-till maize planter,has been developed by Shandong University of Technology to solve an extremely important problem,such as standing wheat stubble in one pass in double cropping area of Shandong province in China.The combine anti-blocking device that composed power chopping axle and the planting unit of chisel opener was designed.The plant spacing regulation transmission has used to meet the needs of different planting density.For solving the problems about automatic testing farming quality and quantity of large scale precision seeder,seed and fertilizer farming intelligent gauging and monitoring system which has video monitor function was studied and designed.Field performance test’s result in Zhangqiu Zhangdian and Zhoucun showed that the machine could accomplish many procedures,such as stubble chopping,furrow opening,seeds and fertilizerp lacement etc,in one pass,so the charge of operation could be decreased about 30%.The machine worked well for planting maize in to standing wheat stubble shattered.The powered chopping axle resolved the anti-blockage problem that ahead of shank,and the double-chisel opener unit reduced the blockage between planting units.Mean while the variations for seed depth reduced to 17.2% and 18.6% respectively.So this machine will be a good solution to no-till wheat-maize planting in double cropping areas.更多还原