【作者】 吕国华； 康跃虎； 李兰；

【Author】 Lv Guohua1,2, Kang Yaohu1, Li Lan1,2 (1. Key laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes, Institute of Geography Science and Natural Resource Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; 2. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China )

【机构】 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所陆地水循环及地表过程重点实验室； 中国科学院研究生院；

【摘要】 本文研究了冬小麦和夏玉米轮作体系下,喷灌对农田土壤水分平衡、作物产量及水分利用效率的影响;在田间试验及相同灌溉定额条件下,以地面灌溉为对照,分析了喷灌条件下土壤水分及作物生长响应;结果表明,喷灌处理能够减少农田水分渗漏,显著提高冬小麦的产量及水分利用效率;但是喷灌处理的夏玉米产量却低于地面灌溉处理,从而导致喷灌处理和地面灌溉处理的年际总产量无明显差异,喷灌的优势得不到体现。另外,冬小麦生长季的气候条件对冬小麦和夏玉米的生长也产生明显的影响,干旱及灌水较多年份影响大,而湿润多雨年份影响小;因此,为获得较高的年际产量,传统施肥制度应随着灌溉方法及气候条件的不同,做出相应调整。在夏玉米生长季,喷灌处理应相应提高施肥量或提前施肥。更多还原

【Abstract】 Field experiments were carried out to research the effect of sprinkler irrigation on soil water, grain yield and water use efficiency in the winter wheat and maize rotating system; Field experiments were conducted with the same amount of irrigation; In the sprinkler irrigated field, the amount of deep percolation was decreased. Also, grain yield and water use efficiency of winter wheat was higher than that in surface irrigated field. However, grain yield of maize was decreased based on the traditional fertilization. Therefore, the annual grain yields showed no significant difference between the sprinkler and surface irrigated filed. Additional, the weather condition in winter wheat growing season also showed great effects on the growth of winter wheat and maize. Great difference was showed in the year with dry weather and large quota of irrigation, but not showed in the year with wet weather and small irrigation; As a result, to get the higher annual yield, the time and quantity of fertilization should be adjusted according to the irrigation method and weather condition.更多还原