【作者】 张丽娜； 李民赞； 韩鲁佳；

【Author】 Zhang Lina1, Li Minzan1, Han Lujia1 (1.Key Laboratory of Modern Precision Agriculture System Integration Research, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China)

【机构】 现代精细农业系统集成研究教育部重点实验室,中国农业大学；

【摘要】 随着养殖业的发展,集约化养殖场畜禽粪便排放量急剧增长,大量畜禽粪便牲畜由于不适当的处理方式或者未经处理就地排放而引发了严重的环境污染问题。绿色经济是未来全球经济的发展方向,废液的无害化处理对于生物资源利用和环境保护具有重要意义。因此提出一种有效且经济的处理牲畜粪便的方法是必要的。将生物废液还田用作有机肥,是对其合理利用的一个重要途径,同样是顺应未来农业发展的方向的,而随着现代精细农业的发展在粪便处理之前正确地估计肥料的营养成分显然是必不可少的。据研究,生物废液中的营养成分与其物理和化学指标如电导率、比重等指标有对应的相互关系。本文目的是关于快速测量生物废液电导率仪的开发和研究以满足获取肥料营养成分信息的需要。本设计的目标是开发一种通过采集和分析生物废液的理化指标(电导率)来预测及分析其肥料成分含量信息的仪器,并具有系统显示和存储功能。生物废电导率的测量方式采用了两电极法原理,该系统主要由两部分组成:传感器电极部分和控制电路部分。传感器电极采用了DJS-10D电导电极基于两极法的测量原理来响应废液电导率的变化。控制电路部分采用了飞利浦ARM7芯片LPC2114。其中控制电路包括传感器激励源产生电路、传感器输出信号调理电路、直流电源转换电路、基于ARM7系列单片机LPC2114的控制单元、A/D转换电路、数据显示电路、USB存储电路。传感器激励源电路为传感器电极提供交流恒流源,传感器电极将探测到的电压信号通过信号调理电路整流放大后送进A/D转换芯片,然后主控单元将采集到的数字信号进行处理分析,将分析结果及生物废液营养成分信息的评价结果在液晶上显示出来,该仪器同时具有存储功能,方便以后数据处理和分析。通过实验,对传感器进行标定,确定电信号与生物信号之间的对应关系;合理设计多次重复性实验,检测传感器的重复性、系统的稳定性和可靠性等。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of poultry husbandry, a volume of excreta from a large number of livestocks has caused serious environmental pollution problems because of the inappropriate disposal. Therefore an efficient and economical solution to the disposal of excreta from poultry is necessary with the intensification of consciousness in protecting environment. One important method is to properly use the excreta as manure in the farmland, and then estimating the nutrient contents in manure before the disposal is essential with the development of modern precision agriculture. It is studied that the nutrient contents (Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium) in the excreta of animals have a correlation with the physical and chemical indexs including conductivity, specific gravity and so on. The goal of this study lays in the development of an instrument of fast measuring the biological waste’s conductivity based on the method of two-electrode passed by the constant AC current to satisfy the demand of acquiring the nutrient contents in manure. This analyzer system is mainly made up of two parts: the electrode sensor and the control circuit. The electrode sensor adopts DJS-10D to detect the variation of the excreta conductivity based on two-electrode measurement principle. The control circuit adopts the PHILIPS ARM7 chip LPC2114.The designed ARM system can perform the acquisition and processing of the conductivity-relative data, display and store. The constant AC current as the supply oscillator is added to the two-electrode sensor, and then acquire the AC voltage signal related to the excreta conductivity. Finally the conductivity data is displayed in the LCD and stored into the USB disk. Calibration test shows that the analyzer is practical.更多还原