【作者】 刘华巧； 李保明； 王朝元；

【Author】 Liu Huaqiao, Li Baoming, Wang Chaoyuan (College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China)

【机构】 中国农业大学水利与土木工程学院；

【摘要】 提高动物福利和推行健康养殖的呼声日益高涨,欧盟以及美国加州已通过立法逐渐禁止蛋鸡笼养。蛋鸡栖架式舍饲系统是传统笼养的一种替代方式,其主要的特征是多层式网状结构,采食区、饮水区、栖息区、活动区和垫料区在立体空间分布。顶部的栖息区设有栖木,可以让蛋鸡在水平和垂直方向自由活动;地面垫料区可以满足蛋鸡的沙浴行为。从以上方面考虑,蛋鸡在栖架系统中的福利得到了提高。但同时由于清粪不及时以及鸡的飞行、跳跃等行为,造成栖架式舍饲系统舍内氨气和粉尘浓度较大,舍内空气质量相比笼养条件下较差,对鸡的健康不利,损害鸡的福利。本文分析了栖架式舍饲散养工艺模式的特点,对其生产工艺参数,配套设备等进行了探讨,以期为栖架系统在国内的应用和发展提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 In Europe and California, the public concern resulted in legislation favouring the application of "animal-friendly" production systems and, finally, in a ban on conventional cage systems. Aviary housing systems for laying hens is one of the alternative systems,which performs better on animal health and economics, but worse on environmental impact. A common feature of the systems is that they provides perches, a scratching area, nest boxes and other furnishings and structures which enable the birds to exhibit natural behaviour.They also make use of the birds’ natural ability to fly by providing elevated terraces and perches, and divide the house into nesting, littered, feeding, drinking and resting zones. Most studies show that the aviary system is worse in ammonia and dust, the main impact factors are a lot of freedom for the birds and the manure handling. This paper studied about the characteristics of aviary housing systems for laying hens, discussed technical parameters, related facility and equipment. It’s hoped to provide theoretical foundation to the introduction and development of aviary systems in China.更多还原