【作者】 张伏； 佟金； 周江； 杨欣； 马云海；

【Author】 Fu Zhang1, Jin Tong2*, Jiang Zhou2, Xin Yang3, Yunhai Ma2 1. College of Vehicle & Motive Power Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471003, China 2. Key Laboratory of Terrain-Machine Bionics Engineering (Ministry of Education, China) and College of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Jilin University at Nanling Campus, Changchun, 130025, China 3. College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China

【机构】 河南科技大学车辆与动力工程学院； 吉林大学地面机械仿生技术教育部重点实验室和生物与农业工程学院； 河北农业大学机电工程学院；

【摘要】 以东方白点花金龟(Protaetia orentalis)、臭蜣螂(Copris ochus Motschulsky)、星天牛(Anoplophora chinensis)和黄缘真龙虱(Cytister bengalensis Aube)为研究对象,利用扫描电子显微镜对鞘翅断面的进行了分析,并结合四种昆虫的生活环境,对观察到的鞘翅材料结构进行了分析和总结;针对鞘翅材料的结构特点,概括和总结了纤维模型和层状复合材料模型。研究结果表明:四种昆虫的鞘翅均由层状复合材料组成,在鞘翅内部发现的纤维(束)的形态略有区别。在花金龟鞘翅鞘翅的纤维(束)形态有T型结构、正交叠层结构和分叉纤维结构;臭蜣螂鞘翅的纤维(束)形态有网状结构、块状凸起结构和刺状纤维结构;星天牛鞘翅的纤维(束)形态有空腔结构、螺旋结构、孔洞结构和刺状结构;龙虱鞘翅的纤维(束)形态有空腔和孔洞结构。这些天然生物纤维结构形式为轻质仿生复合材料的结构设计提供了可供学习和效仿的生物模型;基于四种昆虫鞘翅的内部结构分析,总结了常用的几种纤维模型,即分叉纤维模型和螺旋纤维模型,并对两种模型进行了模型示意。针对层状复合材料构成的形式,以长纤维和短纤维为例,对长纤维增强复合材料和短纤维增强复合材料的几种形式进行了模型示意,即单向长纤维增强复合材料、双向长纤维增强复合材料[0/90]、双向长纤维增强复合材料[0/90/0]、双向长纤维增强复合材料[0/90/90/0]、多向长纤维增强复合材料[0/45/90]和多向长纤维增强复合材料[0/45/90/-45/0]、单向短纤维增强复合材料、平面随机分布短纤维增强复合材料和空间随机分布短纤维增强复合材料。几种结构模型对复合材料的仿生结构设计提供了依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 The microstructure of the elytra for the beetle of Protaetia orentalis Copris ochus Motschulsky, Anoplophora chinensis and Cytister bengalensis Aube were examined by SEM. The biomimetic schematic models were established based on the analysis results of SEM, The results showed that the elytra were composed of laminated composite materials and the structures of their fibers or fiber bundles have varied types, including T type structure, the branch fiber structure, the laminated structure, the helicoidal structure, the hole structure and the reticular structure, and the laminated structure is important in the microstructures of the elytra. There are many types of fiber reinforced composite boards based on the different structures of biological composite materials, such as continuous fiber and the short fiber reinforced composites, unidirectional continuous fiber reinforced composites[0], two-directional continuous fiber reinforced composites [0/90], two-dimensional continuous fiber reinforced composites [0/90/0], two-directional continuous fiber reinforced composites [0/90/90/0], multidirectional continuous fiber reinforced composite [0/45/90/-45/0], multidirectional continuous fiber reinforced composite [0/45/90], unidirectional chopped fiber reinforced composites, flat random distribution short fiber reinforced composites and space random distribution short fiber reinforced composites. The structural feature of the insect elytra material would provide some biomimetic models for the structural design of the biomimetic composite materials with light weight and high strength. which will provide original models for the structure design of biomimetic composites including the laminated composites and the fiber reinforced composites.更多还原